The World Conference on Human Rights in 1993 adopted the___________.

Correct option is C

Correct Answer:(c) Vienna Declaration

Explanation:
The World Conference on Human Rights was held in Vienna, Austria, in 1993, where the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action was adopted. This declaration reaffirmed the universality, indivisibility, and interdependence of human rights and emphasized the importance of promoting and protecting human rights worldwide. It also led to the establishment of the United Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights (UNHCHR) to strengthen human rights implementation globally.

Knowledge Booster:
● The Vienna Conference (1993) was a landmark event in human rights history, held under the United Nations framework.
● The Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action emphasized women's rights, indigenous rights, and the need to protect all human rights globally.
● It played a key role in the establishment of the UN High Commissioner for Human Rights (UNHCHR).
● The declaration reinforced that all human rights are universal, indivisible, and interdependent.
● It recognized development, democracy, and human rights as mutually reinforcing elements for global progress.

Additional Knowledge:
● (a) Amsterdam Declaration – Adopted in 1952 and revised in 2002, it is associated with humanism and freedom of thought, not human rights.
● (b) Helsinki Declaration – Adopted in 1964 by the World Medical Association, it focuses on ethical principles for medical research involving human subjects.
● (d) Helsinki and Amsterdam Declaration – There is no single declaration combining these two; each has distinct contexts in bioethics and humanism.