The transformation of data from main memory to cache memory is referred as:

Correct option is C

When data is transferred from main memory to cache memory, the process involves associating memory addresses with cache lines. This process is technically known as mapping. The main memory blocks are mapped to specific locations in the cache using techniques like direct mapping, associative mapping or set-associative mapping. This ensures that the cache controller knows where to look in the cache for data corresponding to a particular memory address.
Information Booster:
1. Mapping:
· Refers to the process of determining where a block from main memory will be placed in the cache memory.
· Common mapping techniques:
· Direct Mapping: Each block of main memory maps to only one cache line.
· Associative Mapping: A block can be placed anywhere in the cache.
· Set-Associative Mapping: A compromise between the above two.
Additional Knowledge:
· Data exchange: A general term; does not specifically refer to memory-to-cache operations.
· Data transformation: Refers to changing data format or structure, not moving data from memory to cache.
· Matching: Refers to comparing data but not involved in the actual transfer or placement in cache.