Correct option is B
The term "Ecology" was first coined by Ernst Haeckel in 1866. Haeckel, a German biologist, introduced the term "Oecologie" in his book Generelle Morphologie der Organismen (General Morphology of Organisms). He defined ecology as the study of the interactions between organisms and their environment.
Thus, the correct answer is:
Haeckel (1866)
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Ecology is the scientific study of relationships between living organisms and their physical environment. It includes:
- Ecosystem interactions (biotic & abiotic).
- Energy flow & nutrient cycling.
- Population & community dynamics.
Branches of Ecology:
- Autecology (Study of individual species & environment).
- Synecology (Study of communities & ecosystems).
- Human Ecology (Impact of humans on ecosystems).
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