The tendency of an atom or a functional group to attract a shared pair of electronstoward itself, is known as:

Correct option is D

• Electronegativity is often measured using the Pauling scale, with fluorine being the most electronegative element.

• It plays a key role in determining the polarity of a covalent bond. If the electronegativity difference between two atoms is large, the bond is polar.

• The electronegativity trend in the periodic table shows that electronegativity increases across a period (from left to right) and decreases down a group (from top to bottom).

Additional Information:

• Electro-positivity: Refers to the ability of an atom to donate electrons, typically seen in metals.

• Electron affinity: Is the amount of energy released when an atom gains an electron,  which involves attracting electrons in a bond.