The supreme law of the country, which contains the fundamental laws governing the politics and society of a country, is called —

Correct option is A

Correct Answer: (A) Constitution
Explanation:
→ The Constitution is the supreme law of the land that defines the structure, powers, and functions of the government, as well as the fundamental rights and duties of the citizens. It serves as the foundation for the legal framework of a country, outlining the principles on which the entire political system is based.
→ In India, the Constitution of India is the supreme law, and any law inconsistent with the Constitution is void. It provides a comprehensive set of rules and guidelines that govern the country's political, social, and legal landscape.
→ The Constitution establishes the basic principles of governance, such as the separation of powers, the rule of law, and the protection of individual rights. It also outlines the procedure for amendments and the distribution of powers between different levels of government.
Information Booster:
→ The Indian Constitution came into effect on 26th January 1950 and replaced the Government of India Act 1935 as the legal foundation of the country.
→ It consists of a Preamble, Part I to Part XXII (containing detailed articles), Schedules, and Amendments.
→ The Constitution outlines Fundamental Rights (Part III) and Directive Principles of State Policy (Part IV), which together guide the functioning of the Indian state.
→ It also provides for the creation of institutions such as the Parliament, Supreme Court, and Election Commission, which help uphold the rule of law.
→ The Basic Structure Doctrine developed by the Supreme Court asserts that the Constitution’s basic principles cannot be altered by Parliament, even through amendments.
Additional Information (Other Options):
Option (B) – The Preamble is an introductory statement to the Constitution, describing its objectives, but it is not the supreme law.
Option (C) – Fundamental Rights are an essential part of the Constitution, but they are not the entirety of the law that governs the country.
Option (D) – Ordinance refers to laws issued by the President or Governor in urgent circumstances, but they are not the supreme law.