The study of communities is known as:

Correct option is C

• Community structure and composition

• Species interactions (e.g., competition, predation, mutualism)

• Energy flow and nutrient cycling within communities

• Synecology is divided into terrestrial synecology (study of land-based communities) and aquatic synecology (study of water-based communities).

• It helps in understanding biodiversity conservation, ecosystem stability, and ecological succession.

• Ecology: The broader study of organisms and their interactions with the environment, including both individual and community-level studies. Synecology is a sub-discipline of ecology.

• Autecology: The study of individual species and how they interact with their environment, focusing on a single organism or specie.

• Pedology: The study of soils, including their formation, classification, and properties. It is a branch of soil science.