Read the given passage carefully and answer the five questions that follow.
Cottage industries is the smallest manufacturing unit. The artisans use local raw materials and simple tools to produce everyday goods in their homes with the help of their family members or parttime labour. Finished products may be for consumption in the same household or, for sale in local (village) markets, or, for barter. Capital and transportation do not wield much influence as this type of manufacturing has low commercial significance and most of the tools are devised locally. Some common everyday products produced in this sector of manufacturing include foodstuffs, fabrics, mats, containers, tools, furniture, shoes, and figurines from wood lot and forest, shoes, thongs and other articles from leather; pottery and bricks from clays and stones. Goldsmiths make jewellery of gold, silver and bronze. Some artefacts and crafts are made out of bamboo, wood obtained locally from the forests. Small scale manufacturing is distinguished from household industries by its production techniques and place of manufacture (a workshop outside the home/cottage of the producer). This type of manufacturing uses local raw material, simple power -driven machines and semi-skilled labour. It provides employment and raises local purchasing power. Therefore, countries like India, China, Indonesia and Brazil, etc. have developed labour-intensive small scale manufacturing in order to provide employment to their population.
The small scale manufacturing and the cottage manufacturing are distinguished on the basis of ________.
Fill in the blank with the correct option.
Small scale manufacturing and cottage industries are primarily distinguished based on their production techniques. While both may use local raw materials, small scale manufacturing typically involves simple power-driven machinery and is often conducted in a dedicated workshop setting, distinct from the more home-based, manually intensive techniques of cottage industries.
Option (c) is a characteristic of cottage industries rather than small scale manufacturing. Small scale manufacturing usually takes place in a workshop outside the home and can involve a mix of semi-skilled and skilled labor, rather than just family members or part-time labor.
Cottage industries often produce goods that are consumed within the same household, a hallmark of their scale and scope of operation. This contrasts with larger manufacturing setups that target wider commercial markets.
Large scale manufacturing is typically not labor intensive; rather, it is more capital, energy, and technology intensive, utilizing advanced machinery and automation to produce goods at scale, thereby reducing the reliance on manual labor.
Cars are not typically products of cottage industries as their production requires extensive, complex, and technologically advanced manufacturing processes that go far beyond the scope and capability of small-scale, home-based operations.
English
50 Questions
200 Marks
45 Mins English
