Correct option is A
Article 253 of the Constitution of India empowers Parliament to make laws for the whole or any part of India for implementing international treaties, agreements, or conventions. This power can be exercised even on matters listed in the State List, meaning Parliament can override the usual division of powers under the Seventh Schedule when implementing international obligations. It ensures that India can fulfill its commitments under international law through domestic legislation.
Information Booster:
Parliament can legislate without needing ratification by the States when implementing treaties.
No constitutional amendment is needed unless the treaty affects the basic structure or changes the territory (Berubari Union case, 1960).
Additional Information:
Important legislations enacted under Article 253:
• The Environment (Protection) Act, 1986 (to implement decisions from the Stockholm Conference).
• The Foreign Trade (Development and Regulation) Act, 1992.