The phenomenon where a newborn has an excessive birthweight of more than 4,000 g is called:

Correct option is B

Ans. (b) Sol. The correct answer is (b) Macrosomia.
Macrosomia refers to a condition in which a newborn has an excessive birth weight of more than 4,000 grams (approximately 8 pounds, 13 ounces). This can result from various factors such as maternal diabetes, obesity, or a large gestational age, and it can increase the risk of complications during delivery, such as shoulder dystocia or cesarean section.
Explanation of each option:
· (a) Microsomia: This term refers to the condition of having an abnormally small size or a low birth weight, which is typically less than 2,500 grams (5 pounds, 8 ounces). It is the opposite of macrosomia and is often seen in preterm infants or those with intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR).
· (b) Macrosomia: This is the correct term for a newborn with a birth weight exceeding 4,000 grams (approximately 8 pounds, 13 ounces). It is most commonly associated with conditions such as gestational diabetes or maternal obesity.
· (c) Macrocephaly: This term refers to an abnormally large head circumference, which is not related to birth weight. It can be a result of hydrocephalus or other neurological conditions.
· (d) Microcephaly: This refers to an abnormally small head circumference, which can be a sign of developmental issues or brain abnormalities, but it is not related to birth weight.
Thus, the correct answer is Macrosomia, as it directly refers to excessive birth weight.