The Northern Plains of India have been primarily formed by which of the following processes?

Correct option is A

The correct answer is (a) Deposition of alluvium.

• The Northern Plains of India are primarily formed by the deposition of alluvium brought by the major rivers such as the Ganga, Yamuna, Saraswati, and Indus.

• Over millions of years, these rivers have deposited vast amounts of alluvial soil, which has created the fertile and flat plains we see today. This deposition occurs as the rivers meander through the region, carrying sediments from the Himalayas and the peninsular plateau.

• The Northern Plains are one of the most agriculturally productive regions in India, thanks to this rich alluvial deposit.

Information Booster:

• The alluvial deposition in the Northern Plains is responsible for creating a region with high fertility and supporting extensive agricultural activities.

• The plains are divided into several zones, such as the Bhabar, Terai, Bhangar, and Khadar, based on the type of alluvial soil and their proximity to the rivers.

• The Northern Plains stretch across a significant part of northern India, from Punjab to Bengal.

Additional Information:

• Option B is incorrect because the Northern Plains were not formed by volcanic eruptions, but by the deposition of sediments.

• Option C is incorrect as glacial erosion played a minimal role in the formation of these plains, and the plains are not a product of glaciation.

• Option D is incorrect because the tectonic uplift of the Himalayas influenced the formation of the mountains, not the plains, which are formed by the deposition of river-borne sediments.