The idea of ‘Private Speech’ i.e. self-directed speech that children use to plan and guide their own behaviour is given by :

Correct option is B

Lev Vygotsky
• The idea of 'Private Speech,' or self-directed speech used by children to plan and guide their behavior, is attributed to Lev Vygotsky.
• Vygotsky's theory of cognitive development includes the concept of private speech, where children talk to themselves as a way of guiding their actions and thoughts.
• This is particularly evident during the early years when children are learning to internalize their experiences and develop problem-solving skills. Vygotsky's work emphasizes the social and cultural context of learning, differentiating his perspective from other theorists like Piaget.