​The Himalayan mountain system is geologically categorised as:

Correct option is B

The correct answer is (b) Folded mountains

Explanation:

• The Himalayan Mountain system is geologically classified as Folded Mountains. These mountains were formed due to the collision of the Indian Plate with the Eurasian Plate, which caused the landmass to fold and rise, resulting in the formation of the Himalayas. This process is known as orogeny.
• The formation began about 50 million years ago and is still continuing, which is why the Himalayas are considered young fold mountains.

Information Booster:

• Folded Mountains are formed when two tectonic plates collide and the Earth's crust folds.
• The Himalayas are the youngest and highest fold mountain range in the world.
• They span across India, Nepal, Bhutan, China, and Pakistan.
• Major peaks include Mount Everest, Kanchenjunga, and Nanga Parbat.
• Himalayan mountain ranges are divided into:

o Himadri (Greater Himalayas)

o Himachal (Lesser Himalayas)

o Shiwalik (Outer Himalayas)

Additional Knowledge:

• Residual mountains – Formed due to erosion (e.g., Aravalli Hills in India).
• Block mountains – Formed due to faulting, where blocks of the Earth's crust are pushed up or down (e.g., Vindhya Range, Satpura Range in India; Harz Mountains in Germany)
• Volcanic mountains – Formed due to volcanic activity (e.g., Mount Fuji in Japan, Mount Kilimanjaro in Tanzania).