The concept of ‘collective unconscious’ is one of the most powerful, original, and controversial features of:

Correct option is B

The concept of the collective unconscious was introduced by Carl Jung as a core element of his Analytical Psychology. It refers to a shared, inherited reservoir of memories and archetypes passed down through generations.

Information Booster:

Jung’s Levels of the Mind:
    Conscious Mind → Includes thoughts and perceptions.
    Personal Unconscious → Holds repressed memories and emotions (similar to Freud’s unconscious).
    Collective Unconscious → Contains inherited experiences and archetypes.

Archetypes in the Collective Unconscious:
    Persona → The social mask one wears in different situations.
    Shadow → The dark, hidden side of personality.
    Anima/Animus → The feminine side of men (Anima) and the masculine side of women (Animus).
    Self → Represents unity and self-realization.

Difference Between Jung & Freud:
    Freud focused on personal unconscious (driven by repressed desires and instincts).
    Jung introduced the collective unconscious (shared among all humans).

Additional Information:
(1) Adler’s Personality Theory → Focuses on individual psychology, inferiority complex, and social motivation.
(3) Freud’s Personality Theory → Freud emphasized the unconscious mind but not the collective unconscious. His focus was on the id, ego, and superego.
(4) Fromm’s Personality Theory → Fromm emphasized social and cultural influences on personality.