Correct option is C
The correct substitution of the highlighted words is (c)
was written.
Explanation: The sentence is in
passive voice, and the structure “has written” is incorrect because
“has” needs a past participle subject, but the sentence is passive.
Correct passive structure:
was + past participle → "was written"
Grammatical rule used: Passive voice of simple past: "was/were + V3"
Example: The letter was written by her yesterday.
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Information Booster: In passive voice, the focus is on the action being done
to the subject, not
by the subject.