Observe the following flowchart and find the output.

Correct option is A

The flowchart initializes two variables: A = 100 and S = 0. The program then checks the condition A ≥ 20 and performs a loop until the condition becomes false. In each iteration, the value of A is added to S, and then A is decreased by 40.

Step-by-step working:

Initial values:
A = 100, S = 0

Iteration 1:
Condition check → 100 ≥ 20 → TRUE
S = S + A → S = 0 + 100 = 100
A = A − 40 → A = 60

Iteration 2:
Condition check → 60 ≥ 20 → TRUE
S = S + A → S = 100 + 60 = 160
A = A − 40 → A = 20

Iteration 3:
Condition check → 20 ≥ 20 → TRUE
S = S + A → S = 160 + 20 = 180
A = A − 40 → A = -20

Next condition check → -20 ≥ 20 → FALSE

The loop terminates and the program displays the value of S.

Therefore, the final OUTPUT S = 180.

Important Key Points:

1. The flowchart initializes variables as A = 100 and S = 0.
2. The loop continues while the condition A ≥ 20 remains true.
3. In each iteration, A is added to S, and then A decreases by 40.
4. The loop stops when A becomes less than 20, and the final value of S is printed.

Knowledge Booster:

• 120: This value would occur only if the loop executed incorrectly or skipped one iteration, which does not follow the flowchart logic.
• 100: This represents only the first iteration result (S = 100) and ignores the remaining valid iterations.
• 160: This value appears after the second iteration, but the condition 20 ≥ 20 is still true, so one more iteration must occur before termination.