Movement of water molecular from a solution with their higher concentration towards their lower concentration solution through a semi-permeable membrane is known as:

Correct option is B

• Osmosis is the movement of water molecules from a region of their higher concentration (dilute solution) to a region of their lower concentration (concentrated solution) through a semi-permeable membrane.

• Osmosis helps in water absorption by plant roots and maintains cell turgidity.

• Types of Osmosis:

  1. Endosmosis: When water moves inside a cell, causing it to swell.

  2. Exosmosis: When water moves out of a cell, causing it to shrink.

• Diffusion: The movement of molecules from a higher concentration to a lower concentration, but without a semi-permeable membrane. Example: The spread of perfume in a room.
• Imbibition: The absorption of water by solid particles (colloids) causing them to swell. Example: Swelling of seeds before germination.

• Transpiration: The loss of water vapor from the aerial parts of a plant, mainly through the stomata. Helps in cooling the plant and water movement.