Match List I with List II

List I Concepts	List II Thinkers
A. State as a class	I. Rousseau, Hegel, Green
B. State as ethical life	II. Machiavelli and Hobbes
C. State as Power	III. Marx and Lenin
D. Minimal State	IV. Hayek and Nozick

Choose the correct answer from the options given below:

Correct option is B

A-III, B-I, C-II, D-IV is the correct match:
· State as a class (A-III) refers to the Marxist view, primarily held by Marx and Lenin, where the state represents the interests of the ruling class and serves as an instrument for class domination.
· State as ethical life (B-I) is associated with thinkers like Rousseau, Hegel, and Green, where the state is seen as a moral institution aimed at the realization of collective ethical goals and freedom.
· State as Power (C-II) is reflected in the ideas of Machiavelli and Hobbes, who view the state primarily in terms of its coercive power and authority to maintain order and prevent anarchy.
· Minimal State (D-IV) refers to the theories of Hayek and Nozick, who advocate for a limited government focused on protecting individual freedoms and property rights.

Information Booster:
1. Marx and Lenin view the state as a tool for perpetuating class divisions and the interests of the bourgeoisie.
2. Rousseau emphasized the "general will," where individuals merge into a collective community governed by common interest.
3. Hegel's philosophy of the state views it as the actualization of freedom and ethical life (Sittlichkeit).
4. Machiavelli highlights the role of statecraft and power in achieving political stability.
5. Hobbes, in Leviathan, presents the state as necessary to escape the brutish state of nature.
6. Nozick, in his book Anarchy, State, and Utopia, argues for a "night-watchman" state, emphasizing minimal governmental interference.