MacArthur and Wilson's island equilibrium model represents a balance between:
A. Size of island B. Distance from the mainland C. Rate of species immigration D. Rate of species extinction E. Species area curve
Choose the most appropriate answer from the options given below:

Correct option is C

The Island Biogeography Model proposed by MacArthur and Wilson suggests that the number of species on an island represents a dynamic equilibrium between:
1. Rate of Species Immigration (C):
· The rate at which new species colonize the island.
· Immigration rates are higher for islands closer to the mainland or larger in size.
2. Rate of Species Extinction (D):
· The rate at which species on the island go extinct.
· Extinction rates are higher for smaller islands or islands with limited resources.
Key Concept: The equilibrium is achieved when the rate of immigration equals the rate of extinction. This balance determines the island's species richness.
Information Booster: 1. Island Biogeography Theory:
· Explains species richness on islands as a balance between immigration and extinction rates.
· Predicts higher species richness on larger and closer islands.
2. Factors Affecting Immigration and Extinction:
· Island Size: Larger islands support more species and lower extinction rates.
· Proximity to Mainland: Closer islands receive more immigrants.
3. Applications:
· Used to design wildlife reserves and conservation areas.
· Helps predict biodiversity on fragmented habitats.
Key Points: 1. The model emphasizes the balance between species immigration and extinction rates.
2. Island size and distance indirectly influence the rates but are not part of the equilibrium model.
3. The theory is foundational in ecology for understanding species diversity dynamics.