Joseph R Biden Jr. took oath as the ______________ President of the United States in January 2021.

Correct option is A

Presidential Election Process in India:

• Election Body:
  The President of India is elected through an indirect election process, meaning the President is not directly elected by the public. Instead, the Electoral College comprises the elected members of both houses of Parliament (Lok Sabha and Rajya Sabha) and the elected members of the Legislative Assemblies of States and Union Territories (MLAs).

• Method of Voting:
  Voting in the Presidential election is done by single transferable vote (STV), a form of proportional representation. Each elector casts a vote for their preferred candidate, and votes are counted based on the STV system. A candidate needs a specified number of votes to win.

• Quota for Victory:
  The quota required for a candidate to win is determined using the following formula:
  "Quota = Total Votes Polled by All Electors / 2 + 1".
  This means a candidate needs more than half of the total votes in the Electoral College to be elected.

• Eligibility:
  To contest in the Presidential election, a candidate must meet the following criteria:

  • Must be a citizen of India.

  • Must have completed 35 years of age.

  • Must be qualified to be a member of the Lok Sabha (House of the People).

  • Must submit a petition signed by at least 50 electors as proposers and 50 electors as seconders.

• Term and Re-election:
  The President of India serves a five-year term. The President can be re-elected for additional terms if they meet the eligibility criteria.

• Voting Eligibility:
  Members of the Lok Sabha (House of the People), Rajya Sabha (Council of States), and the Legislative Assemblies (Vidhan Sabhas) of the States and Union Territories are eligible to vote in the election. Voting is done by secret ballot.

• Presidential Election Conduct:
  The Election Commission of India oversees the conduct of the Presidential election. The Chief Election Commissioner is responsible for ensuring that the election is fair and transparent.

• Result Declaration:
  After counting the votes, the Election Commission of India announces the winner. If no candidate achieves the required quota of votes in the first round, subsequent rounds of counting are held to determine the winner.

• Oath of Office:
  The newly elected President of India takes an oath of office before the Chief Justice of India or, in their absence, the senior-most judge of the Supreme Court. This oath marks the commencement of the President’s term.

• Impeachment:
  The President of India can be removed from office through the process of impeachment for violation of the Constitution. This process requires a two-thirds majority in both the Lok Sabha and the Rajya Sabha.