___ is the process of a single or group of cells initiating the development pathway that leads to reproducible regeneration of non – zygotic embryos capable of germinating to form complete plants.

Correct option is B

Somatic embryogenesis is the process where a single or group of somatic cells (non-reproductive cells) undergo a developmental pathway to form embryos that are capable of germinating into complete plants.
This process is key in plant tissue culture for clonal propagation.
Explanation:
· (a) Organogenesis – Organogenesis is the process where plant organs (roots, shoots, etc.) are regenerated from explants, but it does not involve embryo formation.
· (b) Somatic embryogenesis – Correct answer. Somatic embryogenesis involves the development of embryos from somatic cells, leading to the formation of complete plants capable of regeneration.
· (c) Embryo culture – Embryo culture involves growing embryos in a controlled environment, but it refers to embryos from fertilized seeds, not somatic cells.
· (d) Callus culture – Callus culture refers to the growth of undifferentiated plant cells into a mass (callus), but it is not specific to the formation of embryos.