Correct option is A
The Correct Answer is: (a) 2021.
Explanation:
India’s National Multi-dimensional Poverty Index (MPI) was launched in 2021 by NITI Aayog, based on the methodology of the Global MPI developed by the Oxford Poverty and Human Development Initiative (OPHI) and United Nations Development Programme (UNDP).
The MPI measures poverty beyond income-based criteria, considering three broad dimensions:
Health – Nutrition, child mortality, antenatal care.
Education – Years of schooling, school attendance.
Living Standards – Housing, sanitation, drinking water, electricity, assets, and bank accounts.
Information Booster:
It is based on 12 indicators under three dimensions: Health, Education, and Living Standards.
Bihar, Jharkhand, and Uttar Pradesh reported the highest poverty levels in the first MPI report.
MPI is more comprehensive than traditional poverty estimates based only on income.
India improved significantly in MPI rankings due to government schemes like Ayushman Bharat, PM Awas Yojana, and Swachh Bharat Abhiyan.
Additional Information:
India’s MPI Goals:
To reduce multi-dimensional poverty to below 10% by 2030 under the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs).
Key Schemes That Contributed to MPI Improvement:
Explanation:
India’s National Multi-dimensional Poverty Index (MPI) was launched in 2021 by NITI Aayog, based on the methodology of the Global MPI developed by the Oxford Poverty and Human Development Initiative (OPHI) and United Nations Development Programme (UNDP).
The MPI measures poverty beyond income-based criteria, considering three broad dimensions:
Health – Nutrition, child mortality, antenatal care.
Education – Years of schooling, school attendance.
Living Standards – Housing, sanitation, drinking water, electricity, assets, and bank accounts.
Information Booster:
It is based on 12 indicators under three dimensions: Health, Education, and Living Standards.
Bihar, Jharkhand, and Uttar Pradesh reported the highest poverty levels in the first MPI report.
MPI is more comprehensive than traditional poverty estimates based only on income.
India improved significantly in MPI rankings due to government schemes like Ayushman Bharat, PM Awas Yojana, and Swachh Bharat Abhiyan.
Additional Information:
India’s MPI Goals:
To reduce multi-dimensional poverty to below 10% by 2030 under the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs).
Key Schemes That Contributed to MPI Improvement:
- Pradhan Mantri Awas Yojana (PMAY) – Affordable housing.
- Swachh Bharat Abhiyan – Sanitation and clean drinking water.
- Ayushman Bharat – Free healthcare for the poor.
- Saubhagya Scheme – Household electrification.
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