" In which textile finishing process, the surface fibres are burned off to produce smooth surface?

Correct option is B

Singeing is the textile finishing process in which surface fibers are burned off to produce a smooth surface. This process is typically used on fabrics such as cotton, linen, and wool to remove loose, protruding fibers, ensuring a clean, even appearance. The fabric passes over a flame or heated plates to char and remove any unwanted fibers on the surface, resulting in a smoother texture. This treatment prepares the fabric for further finishing processes like dyeing or printing.
Information Booster:
Singeing is a crucial step in fabric preparation, especially for materials where a clean, smooth surface is desired. It enhances the fabric's appearance, ensures better printing quality, and reduces pilling. This process can be done using gas flames or electrically heated plates, depending on the fabric type and desired finish.
· Purpose: To remove loose fibers that affect the texture and appearance of the fabric.
· Application: Used primarily in cotton, wool, and other natural fabrics before dyeing or printing.
Additional Knowledge:
(a) Raising: Raising is a process where fabric fibers are brushed or teased out to create a fuzzy or "napped" surface. This gives the fabric a softer and warmer feel, often used for materials like flannel or fleece. Unlike singeing, raising adds texture instead of removing surface fibers.
(c) Calendaring: Calendaring is a mechanical finishing process that involves passing fabric between heated rollers to smooth and flatten the material. It provides a glossy or polished finish but does not involve burning off fibers like singeing.
(d) Sanforizing: Sanforizing is a process used to preshrink fabrics, especially cotton. The fabric is treated with moisture and heat and then stretched to reduce its tendency to shrink after washing. This process does not involve burning off surface fibers but ensures dimensional stability.