Answer the following questions by selecting the correct/most appropriate option.


“In the register of God’s creation, since her account did not fall under the column of men, how did she gain from all of her excellent qualities?” for whom was this passage written in the thirteenth century?

Correct option is C

The passage “In the register of God’s creation, since her account did not fall under the column of men, how did she gain from all of her excellent qualities?” refers to Raziyya, also known as Raziyya Sultan. She was the first and only female monarch to rule the Delhi Sultanate in the 13th century. Despite her excellent qualities as a ruler, Raziyya faced opposition largely due to her gender, which was considered a hindrance in a male-dominated society and political system. This passage reflects the gender bias she faced, questioning how her qualities could be fully recognized given the societal norms of the time.

Information Booster:

·       Raziyya Sultan ruled from 1236 to 1240 CE and was known for her administrative abilities and leadership. Despite her competence, she faced resistance due to her being a woman.

·       The statement highlights the gender discrimination prevalent in that era, questioning how a woman’s abilities were viewed when compared to men’s.

·       Raziyya was appointed Sultan by her father, Iltutmish, but her reign was constantly challenged by nobles who disapproved of a woman in power.

·       Her reign represents a significant moment in the history of female rulers in India, despite its short duration.

·       Raziyya's legacy continues to be a topic of discussion, particularly in terms of her struggle against gender-based limitations in a patriarchal society.

Additional Knowledge:

·       Gautami was the mother of Gautama Buddha but does not relate to this passage.

·       Rudramadevi was a female ruler in South India, but this passage specifically refers to Raziyya.

·       Didda was a ruler in Kashmir, known for her political acumen, but the context of this passage pertains to Raziyya’s experience in the Delhi Sultanate.