Correct option is B
Introduction
The 1970s and 1980s witnessed major changes in industrial production due to technological advancement, changing markets and increasing global competition.
There was a transition from the rigid, standardised Fordist system of mass production towards more flexible production systems, commonly associated with post-Fordist/New Fordist production.
This involved:
- Greater production flexibility
- Use of advanced technology and automation
- Flexible labour processes
- Smaller and more diversified production
- Greater responsiveness to changing consumer demand
- Fordism: Mass production, standardised products, assembly-line production and relatively rigid labour organisation.
- Post-Fordism: Flexible production, technological innovation, subcontracting and diversified products.
- The shift contributed to the emergence of flexible specialisation and new industrial locations.
Correct Answer: (b) Shift from Fordism to New Fordism