In open pollinated variety of maize, how much minimum isolation distance is required to produce foundation seed:

Correct option is A

The correct answer is (A) 400 m

Explanation:
• Isolation distance is the minimum physical distance required between two seed plots of the same crop (or related crops) to prevent cross-pollination and maintain genetic purity.
• Maize is a highly cross-pollinated crop (anemophilous - pollinated by wind).
• For Open Pollinated Varieties (OPVs) of maize:
1. Foundation Seed: Requires a minimum of 400 meters.
2. Certified Seed: Requires a minimum of 200 meters.

Information Booster:
• Foundation seed is the progeny of breeder seed and is handled by recognized seed-producing agencies to maintain specific genetic identity.
• Certified seed is the progeny of foundation seed and is what is distributed to farmers for commercial cultivation.

Additional Knowledge:
• For Maize Hybrids: The isolation distance is usually higher (600m for foundation) due to stricter purity requirements.
• Self-pollinated crops (like Rice/Wheat): Require very small isolation distances, usually 3 meters.
• Cross-pollinated crops (like Onion/Cabbage): Can require up to 1000-1600 meters.