In July 2021, the Government of India launched a National Initiative for Proficiency in Reading with Understanding and Numeracy (NIPUN Bharat) for ensuring that every child in the country necessarily attains foundational literacy and numeracy by the end of Grade __________.

Correct option is A

The correct answer is (a) 3.
 The National Initiative for Proficiency in Reading with Understanding and Numeracy (NIPUN Bharat) aims to ensure that every child in India attains foundational literacy and numeracy by the end of Grade 3.
 This means children should be able to read, write, and understand basic concepts of math fluently by the end of that grade.
 This was a key aspect of the initiative launched in July 2021 by the Government of India.
 This initiative is being launched as a part of NEP (National Education Policy) 2020.
 This policy aims to pave the way for transformational reforms in school and higher education systems in the country.
 This policy replaced the 34-year-old National Policy on Education (NPE), 1986.