Correct option is D
A PID controller (Proportional-Integral-Derivative) combines the benefits of proportional, integral, and derivative control actions to address various performance criteria effectively:
The overall control action of a PID controller is the sum of the proportional, integral, and derivative terms:
(1) Proportional (P) Controller
• Provides a response proportional to the error.
• It helps in reducing the rise time and improves the transient response.
(2) Integral (I) Controller
• Eliminates steady-state error by integrating the error over time, thus ensuring zero steady-state error for step inputs.
(3) Derivative (D) Controller
• Improves the stability and damping of the system by providing a response proportional to the rate of change of the error, which helps in anticipating future errors and reducing overshoot.
By using a PID controller, you can fine-tune the system to achieve a good balance between fast response (due to the proportional and derivative actions), minimal steady-state error (due to the integral action), and improved stability (due to the derivative action). This makes the PID controller a versatile and effective choice for most control system design criteria, including stability, error for step input, and speed of response.
Benefits of PID Controllers:
• Versatility: Can be used in various industrial processes and control systems.
• Effectiveness: Combines the benefits of P, I, and D controls to improve system stability, speed of response, and eliminate steady-state error.
• Ease of implementation: Widely supported and easy to implement in both analog and digital control systems.
Applications:
PID controllers are used in numerous applications, including:
• Temperature control systems
• Speed control of motors
• Process control in chemical plants
• Robotics
• Flight control systems
