Identify the type of specialised cells found in flatworms that help in osmoregulation.

Correct option is A

The correct answer is: (a) Flame cells
Explanation:
· Flame cells are excretory cells in flatworms (Platyhelminthes).
· They play a crucial role in osmoregulation and removal of metabolic waste.
· Named so because the beating of cilia inside them looks like a flickering flame under the microscope.
Information Booster:
· Flame cells are part of the protonephridial system.
· They function like kidneys in flatworms.
· Found in planarians, tapeworms, and flukes.
· Help maintain fluid and ionic balance.
· Absent in higher animals, replaced by nephrons or kidneys.
· First example of specialized excretory structures in evolution.
Additional Information:
· Sperm cells – Reproductive, not related to osmoregulation.
· Stem cells – Undifferentiated cells with regenerative potential.
· Mesoderm – Germ layer, not a cell type.