How many times has a state of emergency been declared in India since independence?

Correct option is A

The correct answer is (a) Three times
Explanation:
· A National Emergency (under Article 352) has been declared in India three times since independence:
1. 1962–1968: During the India-China War (proclaimed by PM Jawaharlal Nehru).
2. 1971–1977: During the Indo-Pak War (Bangladesh Liberation War, proclaimed by PM Indira Gandhi).
3. 1975–1977: Declared on the grounds of "Internal Disturbance" (proclaimed by PM Indira Gandhi).
Information Booster:
· The 44th Amendment Act (1978) substituted the word "Internal Disturbance" with "Armed Rebellion" to prevent misuse of emergency powers.
· During a National Emergency, the Fundamental Rights under Article 19 are automatically suspended (except in case of Armed Rebellion).
· Articles 20 and 21 (Protection in respect of conviction for offences and Protection of life and personal liberty) cannot be suspended even during an emergency.