How many development and welfare subjects have been moved from the state to the Panchayati raj institution through the Constitutional amendments in the Indian constitution?

Correct option is C

The correct answer is (C) 29

• Through the 73rd Constitutional Amendment Act, 1992, the Eleventh Schedule was added to the Indian Constitution.
• This schedule lists 29 subjects that have been transferred to the jurisdiction of Panchayati Raj Institutions (PRIs).
• These subjects are intended to enable decentralized governance and include areas like agriculture, education, health, and rural development.

Information Booster:

• Panchayati Raj is a decentralized system of governance in India, where power is distributed to local government institutions at the village, block, and district levels.
• It was established to empower rural communities and ensure their participation in decision-making related to local development and welfare.

Key Features of Panchayati Raj

• Three-Tier Structure:

1. Village Level: Gram Panchayat
2. Intermediate Level: Block or Taluka Panchayat (exists in states with a population above 20 lakh)
3. District Level: Zila Parishad

Constitutional Framework:

• Introduced by the 73rd Constitutional Amendment Act, 1992.
• Governed by Part IX of the Indian Constitution (Articles 243–243O).
• The Eleventh Schedule lists 29 subjects under the jurisdiction of Panchayati Raj Institutions (PRIs).

Gram Sabha:

• Comprises all adult members of a village.
• Acts as the foundation of Panchayati Raj by ensuring direct participation in decision-making.

Elections:

• Mandatory elections every five years.
• Seats are reserved for Scheduled Castes (SCs), Scheduled Tribes (STs), and women (at least 33% of seats).