Haemorrhage in a new-born is caused by the deficiency of:

Correct option is D

Ans. (d)
Sol. Vitamin K deficiency is the primary cause of hemorrhagic disease of the newborn (HDN), also known as Vitamin K Deficiency Bleeding (VKDB). Vitamin K is essential for the synthesis of clotting factors (II, VII, IX, X) in the liver. Since newborns have low vitamin K stores at birth and lack gut bacteria to produce it, they are at risk of bleeding disorders, including intracranial, gastrointestinal, and mucosal hemorrhages.
Explanation of each option:
· (a) Vitamin A – Incorrect. Vitamin A is essential for vision, immune function, and epithelial integrity, but it does not directly cause newborn hemorrhage.
· (b) Vitamin D – Incorrect. Vitamin D deficiency causes rickets (bone deformities), not bleeding disorders.
· (c) Vitamin E – Incorrect. Vitamin E is an antioxidant, and its deficiency mainly affects neurological function, not blood clotting.
· (d) Vitamin K – Correct. Vitamin K is essential for blood clotting, and its deficiency in newborns leads to hemorrhagic disease of the newborn.
Thus, the correct answer is (d) Vitamin K, as its deficiency causes bleeding in newborns due to impaired clotting factor production.