Growth, as envisaged in the five-year plans, refers to:

Correct option is D

The correct answer is (d) increase in the country’s capacity to produce the output of goods and services within the country.
In the context of India's Five-Year Plans, "growth" primarily refers to the economic growth of the country, which is defined as an increase in the capacity to produce goods and services. This is measured in terms of the growth of the Gross Domestic Product (GDP), which reflects the total value of all goods and services produced in the country over a specified period.
Key Aspects of Economic Growth: 1. Production Capacity: The Five-Year Plans aim to enhance the industrial and agricultural output through various initiatives, policies, and investments.
2. Investment in Infrastructure: Economic growth is supported by investments in infrastructure, such as transportation, energy, and communication, which facilitate higher productivity.
3. Employment Generation: Growth is also linked to the creation of jobs, leading to better standards of living and economic development.
4. Technological Advancement: Adoption of new technologies and processes is encouraged to boost efficiency and output in various sectors.
Other Options:
· Improvement in the state of equity in the country: This pertains more to equity and social justice, which are important goals but are not the primary focus of growth as defined in economic terms.
· Improvement in the level of education and primary health in the country: While important for overall development, this is more aligned with human development rather than direct economic growth.
· Self-reliance in producing all goods and services it requires: This concept is related to self-sufficiency and import substitution but does not encompass the broader definition of growth.