Graphite and diamonds are _________.

Correct option is D

The Correct Answer is (D) Allotropes

Explanation:

Graphite and diamond are allotropes of carbon. Allotropes are different forms of the same element, where the atoms are bonded together in different arrangements. In the case of carbon, graphite and diamond are two allotropes that have distinct physical properties due to the different ways the carbon atoms are arranged:

• Diamond: Each carbon atom in diamond forms four strong covalent bonds with other carbon atoms, creating a three-dimensional lattice structure that makes diamond extremely hard.

• Graphite: In graphite, each carbon atom is bonded to three other carbon atoms in flat layers of hexagonal rings, with weak forces between the layers, allowing them to slide over each other easily. This gives graphite its slippery and conductive properties.

Information Booster:

1. Allotropes refer to different structural forms of the same element in the same physical state.

2. Diamond is hard and transparent, while graphite is soft and opaque.

3. The physical properties of allotropes are determined by the arrangement of atoms in their structures.

4. Carbon is one of the few elements that exist in multiple allotropes, with graphite, diamond, and fullerenes being some of the well-known forms.

5. The chemical composition of allotropes is the same, but their physical properties differ because of the different atomic arrangements.