Given memory access time as p nanoseconds and additional q nanoseconds for handling the page fault. What is the effective memory access time if a page fault occurs once for every 100 instructions?

Correct option is A

Given Information:
1. Memory access time: p nanoseconds.
2. Additional time for handling a page fault: q nanoseconds.
3. Frequency of page fault: Once every 100 instructions.
Formula Derivation:
The effective memory access time (EMAT) can be calculated as:

Information Booster:
1. Page Fault: A page fault occurs when a program accesses a page not currently loaded into memory. Handling it involves bringing the page into memory, leading to additional time overhead.
2. Effective Memory Access Time (EMAT): EMAT measures the average time needed to access memory, including the overhead caused by page faults.
3. Other Cases of Page Faults: If a page fault occurs more frequently (e.g., once every n instructions), the formula adjusts as: