In light of the above statements, choose the correct answer from the options given below:

Given below are two statements:

Transactional Theory of Stress

Statement I: Places its emphasis on the cognitive appraisal of the stressful event.
Statement II: Explains that the role of secondary appraisal is to evaluate if the situation poses any harm or threat.

Correct option is C

The Transactional Theory of Stress, developed by Richard Lazarus and Susan Folkman (1984), explains how individuals perceive and respond to stress through a process called cognitive appraisal.

-Statement I: "Places its emphasis on the cognitive appraisal of the stressful event" (True)
The Transactional Model of Stress states that stress is a result of how an individual appraises a situation rather than the event itself.
Primary appraisal: Evaluates if the event is irrelevant, positive, or stressful.
Secondary appraisal: Determines the resources and coping strategies available.
Since cognitive appraisal is central to this theory, Statement I is true.

-Statement II: "Explains that the role of secondary appraisal is to evaluate if the situation poses any harm or threat" (False)
Primary appraisal (not secondary) is responsible for evaluating if a situation poses harm, threat, or challenge.
Secondary appraisal occurs after primary appraisal and involves assessing how to cope with the stressful situation.
Since Statement II incorrectly describes secondary appraisal, it is false.

Thus, Statement I is true, but Statement II is false, making Option 3 the correct answer.

Information Booster:
Transactional Theory of Stress emphasizes the interaction between an individual and their environment in determining stress.
Cognitive Appraisal: The process by which an individual evaluates a situation.
Primary Appraisal: Determines if an event is a threat, challenge, or harm.
Secondary Appraisal: Focuses on coping strategies and available resources.
Reappraisal: A continuous process where an individual re-evaluates the situation after trying to cope.
Coping Strategies: Lazarus identified problem-focused coping (dealing with the cause of stress) and emotion-focused coping (managing emotional responses to stress).
Importance of Appraisal: The same event can be stressful for one person and non-stressful for another based on their appraisal and coping abilities.