Electric devices like laundry iron , electric toaster, electric oven, electric kettle and electric heater are based on which effect of electric current?

Correct option is D

Correct Answer:D. Heating Effect

Explanation:

Electric devices such as laundry irons, electric toasters, ovens, kettles, and heaters work on the heating effect of electric current. This effect occurs when an electric current passes through a conductor, causing it to resist the flow of electrons and produce heat.

Key Points:

• Joule’s Law of Heating: The heat (H) produced in a conductor is given by:

H=I²Rt

where:

• I = current
• R = resistance of the conductor
• t = time duration
• Applications in Devices:
• Electric iron and toaster: Convert electrical energy into heat to perform tasks like ironing clothes and toasting bread.
• Electric oven and kettle: Use heating elements to cook food or boil water.
• Electric heater: Generates heat to warm spaces.

Other Options:

• Chemical Effect: Observed in processes like electrolysis, not relevant to these devices.
• Magnetic Effect: Involves the creation of a magnetic field around a current-carrying conductor, used in motors or transformers, not heating devices.
• Physiological Effect: Relates to the effect of electric current on the human body, not applicable here.