Doldrum is a zone of:

Correct option is B

The correct answer is (b) Inter-tropical convergence. The Doldrums is a region near the equator where the Trade Winds from both hemispheres converge, creating a zone of low pressure known as the Inter-Tropical Convergence Zone (ITCZ). This area is characterized by calm winds, cloudiness, and frequent thunderstorms.
Explanation:
· The Doldrums occur at approximately 5° north and south of the equator.
· This zone experiences minimal surface wind movement due to the rising air caused by intense solar heating.
· The convergence of the northeast trade winds and southeast trade winds leads to warm, moist air rising, resulting in cloud formation and precipitation.
· The lack of consistent winds made this region notorious for slowing down sailing ships during long sea voyages.
Information Booster:
1. Doldrums are synonymous with the ITCZ (Inter-Tropical Convergence Zone).
2. The region is known for its low-pressure conditions and frequent thunderstorms.
3. Air in the doldrums rises due to intense solar heating, causing calm and stagnant surface winds.
4. The ITCZ migrates seasonally, affecting global weather patterns, especially monsoons.
5. Historically, the doldrums posed challenges to sailing ships due to the lack of wind.
Additional Knowledge:
· (a) Tropical convergence:
· A general term for wind convergence in tropical regions but does not specifically refer to the ITCZ.
· (b) Inter-tropical convergence:
· The correct term describing the zone where trade winds converge near the equator.
· (c) Inter-tropical divergence:
· Incorrect, as divergence refers to winds moving apart rather than converging.
· (d) Tropical divergence:
· Refers to the spreading out of winds in tropical high-pressure regions, not associated with the doldrums.
Key Points:
1. The Doldrums and the ITCZ are key components of the global circulation system.
2. This zone affects weather patterns, including tropical cyclones and monsoons.
3. The doldrums are characterized by calm winds and frequent rainfall.
4. The ITCZ shifts with the seasons, impacting different regions globally.
5. Understanding the ITCZ helps predict climatic changes and weather anomalies.