Disease surveillance involves:

Correct option is A

Ans: (a) Systematic collection and analysis of data Sol. Disease surveillance refers to the continuous and systematic collection, analysis, and interpretation of health-related data to monitor and prevent the spread of diseases within populations. It is essential for understanding the patterns, trends, and impacts of diseases, and helps in planning and evaluating public health interventions. Surveillance helps track the incidence and distribution of diseases, which is critical for early detection, response, and resource allocation.
Explanation of each option:
· (a) Systematic collection and analysis of data: Correct answer. Disease surveillance primarily involves the systematic collection, analysis, and interpretation of data to monitor disease trends, identify outbreaks, and guide public health actions.
· (b) Educating individuals about healthy lifestyle choices: While public health education is important for disease prevention, it is not the main component of disease surveillance. Surveillance is focused on data collection and analysis, not education.
· (c) Developing new vaccines and treatments for emerging diseases: This is a critical aspect of disease control and research, but it is not part of disease surveillance. Surveillance helps identify emerging diseases, but the development of treatments and vaccines is a separate process.
· (d) Conducting clinical trials to assess the efficacy of medications: Clinical trials are crucial for testing new treatments or medications but are not part of the surveillance process. Surveillance is focused on disease patterns, not testing interventions.