“Alternative conceptions’ among children :

Correct option is D

The correct answer is(d) Are the ‘naive' theories that children construct about phenomena around them.

Alternative conceptions, also known as misconceptions, arise when children attempt to make sense of the world based on their limited experiences and prior knowledge. These "naive theories" are not irrational but reflect a child’s active engagement with their environment. For example, a child may believe that heavier objects fall faster than lighter ones because of their intuitive perception of weight. Far from being a problem to punish, alternative conceptions offer valuable insights into how children learn and think, allowing educators to build on these ideas and guide them toward scientifically accurate understanding.

Information Booster:

1. Alternative conceptions indicate active learning and cognitive engagement.
2. Teachers should explore and address misconceptions through inquiry-based learning.
3. Ignoring or punishing alternative conceptions can hinder the learning process.
4. Misconceptions are not limited to children but can be seen in adults as well.
5. Constructivist teaching methods focus on refining these naive theories.
6. Examples include concepts like “the Earth is flat” or “plants eat soil.”