Correct option is C
Explanation-
Compensatory regeneration occurs when cells divide to replace lost tissue without losing their specialized functions. Compensatory regeneration is a process where fully differentiated (specialized) cells divide to compensate for lost tissue, without losing their identity.
Features of compensatory regeneration-
1. No dedifferentiation: Cells do not revert to an unspecialized state.
2. No blastema formation: Unlike epimorphosis, there’s no mass of undifferentiated cells.
3. Cells retain function: The cells divide and continue their specialized role.
4. Occurs in mammals: Especially in liver regeneration in humans and animals.
An example is the regeneration of liver tissue in mammals, where liver cells (hepatocytes) divide but remain functionally specialized.
Incorrect options -
Option A - Epimorphosis
It involves dedifferentiation. The lost part is replaced by forming a blastema (undifferentiated mass). Cells dedifferentiate, then divide and redifferentiate.
Example: Limb regeneration in salamanders.
Option B - Morphallaxis
It occurs with little or no cell division. Regeneration by reorganization of existing cells. Cells change their roles to form new tissues.
Example: Hydra regeneration – a small part reorganizes into a complete Hydra.
Option D - Stem Cell Mediated Regeneration
Stem cells (undifferentiated) divide and differentiate to form new tissues. It is seen in organs with regular turnover like skin, intestinal lining, and blood.
So, the correct answer is option C - Compensatory regeneration
