A chemical compound X is prepared by heating gypsum. It is white powder and used as a fire proofing material. Compound x is:

Correct option is A

When gypsum (calcium sulfate dihydrate, CaSO₄·2H₂O) is heated, it loses water and forms a white powder called Plaster of Paris (CaSO₄·½H₂O). Plaster of Paris is widely used as a fireproofing material because it can resist heat and is also used in construction and medical applications.

Important Key Points:

1. Plaster of Paris is obtained by heating gypsum at 150°C.
2. It is a white powder and is known for its ability to harden when mixed with water.
3. It is used in fireproofing, molding, and in the making of casts in the medical field.
4. It is also used in construction and as a material for sculptures and decorative items.
5. The compound is exothermic when mixed with water, releasing heat as it hardens.

Information Booster:

• Sodium hydroxide (Option b): A strong base used in cleaning and soap-making, not related to gypsum.
• Washing soda (Option c): Sodium carbonate (Na₂CO₃), used in cleaning and as a water softener, not related to gypsum.
• Baking soda (Option d): Sodium bicarbonate (NaHCO₃), commonly used in baking, but not related to gypsum.