A basic set of beliefs that guide action is called:

Correct option is B

A paradigm is a fundamental framework of beliefs, assumptions, and methods that guide research, thinking, and action in a particular field. It serves as a model or pattern that influences how individuals perceive and interpret the world.

In research and philosophy, paradigms determine:
    -How knowledge is structured and acquired.
    -The fundamental principles that guide inquiry and action.
    -What methods and approaches are considered valid.

A paradigm shift occurs when new ideas and discoveries lead to a transformation in how knowledge is understood, as seen in scientific revolutions.

Additional Information:
-Axiology (a): The study of values and ethics, focusing on what is considered good or valuable.
-Rhetorical (c): Relates to effective communication and persuasion rather than guiding beliefs and actions.
-Ontology (d): The study of the nature of being and existence, dealing with reality and what constitutes existence.