Top 30 Geography MCQs for TNPSC,TN TRB,TNUSRB Exams

பல்வேறு போட்டித் தேர்வுகளில் புவியியல் முக்கியப் பங்காற்றுகிறது, விண்ணப்பதாரர்களுக்கு அவர்களின் தயாரிப்பில் உதவ, நாங்கள் 30 கேள்விகளை (MCQs) தொகுத்துள்ளோம். உங்கள் புவியியல் அறிவை மேம்படுத்துவதற்கும், வரவிருக்கும் தேர்வுகளுக்கு உங்களை சிறப்பாக தயார்படுத்துவதற்கும் ஒவ்வொரு கேள்விக்கும் சரியான பதில் உள்ளது.

Top 30 Geography MCQs

Q1. From which of the following Metamorphic rocks is originated

(a) Sedimentary Rocks

(b) Igneous Rocks

(d) None Of These

Q2. Which of the following rock form is an igneous rock

(a) Granite

(b) Limestone

(d) Slate

Q3. The rock that results from the Solidification of molten lava from a volcano is an example of which of the following

(a) Granite Rock

(b) Igneous Rock

(d) Magnetite

Q4. The study of Earth’s structure and the rocks that make up the Earth is called

(a) Glaciology

(b) Geology

(d) Geomorphology

Q5. Find the odd item from the given examples

(a) Marble

(b) Shale

(d) Sandstone

Q6. The study of soil science is termed as

(a) Geology

(b)Climatology

(d) Biogeography

Q7. Which of the following is the Colour of loamy soil

(a) Bluish green

(b) Greenish brown

(d) Blackish brown

Q8. In situ breaking down of rock is known as

(a) Weathering

(b) Erosion

(d) Degradation

Q9. The soil which originates under tall-grass prairie vegetation is called

(a) Chestnut soils

(b) Black soils

(d) Terra rosa soils

Q10. Which among the given types of soil is best suited for the cultivation of Cotton

(a) Red

(b) Black

(d) Mountain

Q11. Which of the following are responsible for trade winds

(a) Convection

(b) Conduction

(d) Scattering

Q12. Which of the following instruments is used to measure the Speed of wind

(a) Hygrometer

(b) Barometer

(d) Anemometer

Q13. Very strong & cold icy winds that blow in the Polar regions are called

(a)Tornadoes

(b)Typhoons

(d) Polar winds

Q14. The term Roaring Forties is associated with the

(a)Planetary winds

(b) Trade winds

(d)Polar winds

Q15. Trade winds blow from the

(a)Polar high pressure

(b)Equatorial low pressure

(d)Subpolar low pressure

Q16. Land & sea breezes occur because of

(a) Convection

(b) Conduction

(d) Tides

Q17. A tropical storm in the Chinese Sea is known as

(a)Tornado

(b) Wave

(d)Cyclone

Q18. Which among the given winds is called Anti-trade wind

(a) Cyclone

(b) Chinook

(d) Westerlies

Q19. Which of the following is not an example of planetary winds

(a)Trade wind

(b)Monsoon

(c)Land & sea breezes

(d)Chinook

Q20. What is the term for the belt of calm or light variable winds located at approximately 30 degrees latitude in both hemispheres?

(a) Polar front

(b) Doldrums

(d) Roaring forties

Q21. The Deccan trap was formed by the

(a)Dharwar Vulcanicity

(b)Mesozoic Vulcanicity

(c)Cretaceous Vulcanicity

(d)Paleozoic Vulcanicity

Q22. Which of the following is/are true about the peninsular plateau?

Peninsular Plateau is elevated from west to east.
It is the oldest and most stable landmass of India.
It is characterized by the presence of black soil in the western and north-western parts of India.

Select the correct answer from the following codes

(a) Only 1

(b) Only 1 and 2

(d) 1,2 and 3

Q23. Which of the following is the largest physiographic division of India?

(a) The Northern Mountains

(b) The Great Plains

(d) The Islands

Q24. Which basin is also known as Chhattisgarh Plain?

(a) Mahanadi

(b) Godavari

(d) Cauvery

Q25. The Eastern Ghats makes the eastern boundary of which region?

(a) Bhander Plateau

(b) Chota Nagpur Plateau

(d) Kaas Plateau

Q26. The topography of the plateau is ideal for

(a) forestry

(b) cultivation

(d) generation of hydropower

Q27. The highest mountain peak in Peninsular India is

(a) Dodabetta

(b) Anai Mudi

(d) Nilgiris

Q28. Which of the following is the highest plateau in India –

(a) Chota Nagpur Plateau

(b) Deccan Plateau

(d) Baghelkhand Plateau

Q29. Which of the following statements is correct –

(a) Mahadeo hills are the part of Karnataka Plateau.

(b) Mahadeo Hills are in the west of Maikala Hills.

(d) Mahadeo hills are the part of Aravalli ranges.

Q30. A tropical deciduous plant special to the Deccan Plateau is

(a) Shisam

(b) Teak

(d) Sal

SOLUTION

S1. Ans.(c)

Sol. Metamorphic rocks can be formed from both sedimentary and igneous rocks.

When sedimentary rocks are subjected to high heat and pressure, they can be transformed into metamorphic rocks such as marble, quartzite, and slate.
When igneous rocks are subjected to heat and pressure, they can also be transformed into metamorphic rocks, such as gneiss and schist.
However, it is not possible for metamorphic rocks to be formed directly from none of these.

S2. Ans.(a)

Sol. Granite is an example of an igneous rock, which is formed from the solidification of molten rock material, such as magma or lava. It is a coarse-grained rock that is composed mainly of feldspar, quartz, and mica.

Limestone, marble, and slate, on the other hand, are examples of sedimentary and metamorphic rocks.
Limestone is formed from the accumulation of marine organisms.
Marble is formed from the metamorphism of limestone.
Slate is formed from the metamorphism of shale or mudstone.

S3. Ans.(b)

Sol. Igneous rocks are formed from the solidification of molten rock material, such as magma or lava. When lava cools and solidifies, it forms an igneous rock. Basalt is a common type of igneous rock that is formed from the solidification of lava. Basalt is typically dark in color and has a fine-grained texture.

Granite is also an example of an igneous rock, but it is formed from the slow cooling and solidification of magma beneath the Earth’s surface. Magnetite, on the other hand, is a mineral that can be found in various types of rocks, including igneous rocks, but it is not a type of rock itself.

S4. Ans.(b)

Sol.

Field	Definition
Glaciology	Study of Ice and Glaciers
Geology	Study of the Earth’s structure, history, and processes
Hydrology	Study of water on the Earth’s surface
Geomorphology	Study of the Earth’s landforms and processes that shape them

S5. Ans.(a)

Sol. Marble is a metamorphic rock that is formed from the metamorphism of limestone. In contrast, shale, limestone, and sandstone are all examples of sedimentary rocks.

Shale is a fine-grained sedimentary rock that is formed from the compaction of clay and silt particles.
Limestone is a sedimentary rock that is formed from the accumulation of marine organisms.
Sandstone is a sedimentary rock that is formed from the accumulation of sand particles.

S6. Ans.(c)

Sol.

Field	Definition
Geology	Study of the Earth’s structure, history, and processes
Climatology	Study of climate
Pedology	Study of soil
Biogeography	Study of distribution of living organisms

S7. Ans.(d)

Sol. The color of loamy soil is typically blackish brown.

Loamy soil is a type of soil that is a mixture of sand, silt, and clay particles in roughly equal proportions.
It is often described as being dark in color, with a blackish-brown hue.
This color is due to the presence of organic matter, such as decomposed plant and animal materials, which gives the soil its dark coloration.

S8. Ans.(a)

Sol. The in situ breaking down of rock is known as Weathering.

Weathering is the process of breaking down rocks, soils, and minerals through physical, chemical, and biological means.
It occurs in situ, meaning that it happens in the same place where the rocks are located.

Erosion is the process by which soil and rock materials are transported by natural agents such as water, wind, and ice.
Mass wasting, also known as landslides, is the downhill movement of soil and rock materials under the influence of gravity.
Degradation is a more general term that refers to the deterioration or decline of natural systems or resources, including soil and rock materials. It can be caused by a variety of factors, including human activities such as deforestation and pollution, as well as natural processes such as erosion and weathering.

S9. Ans.(c)

Sol. The soil which originates under tall-grass prairie vegetation is called Chernozem soil.

Chernozem soils are a type of soil that is characterized by its high fertility and dark color.
They are found in grassland regions of the world, including the tall-grass prairies of North America.

Chestnut soils, also known as Kastanozem soils, are a type of soil that is found in dry, grassland regions of the world. They are characterized by their high clay content and reddish-brown color.
Black soils, also known as Vertisols, are a type of soil that is characterized by its high clay content and ability to shrink and swell with changes in moisture. They are found in areas with a dry season and heavy rainfall.
Terra rosa soils are a type of soil that is characterized by its reddish color and high nutrient content. They are found in areas with a Mediterranean climate

S10. Ans.(b)

Sol. The type of soil that is best suited for the cultivation of cotton is (b) Black soil.

Black soil, also known as regur soil or black cotton soil, is a type of soil that is found in the Deccan Plateau of India.
It is characterized by its high fertility and ability to retain moisture, which makes it ideal for the cultivation of crops such as cotton, sugarcane, and tobacco.
Black soil is rich in organic matter, and it has a high capacity for holding nutrients such as nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium, which are essential for plant growth.

Red soil, also known as lateritic soil, is a type of soil that is found in tropical regions of the world. It is characterized by its reddish color and low fertility, which makes it less suitable for the cultivation of crops such as cotton.
Laterite soil, also known as red earth, is a type of soil that is formed in hot and wet tropical areas. It is characterized by its red color and high iron and aluminum content, which makes it less suitable for the cultivation of cotton.
Mountain soil is a type of soil that is found in mountainous regions. It is characterized by its low fertility and rocky texture, which makes it less suitable for the cultivation of crops such as cotton.

S11. Ans.(a)

Sol. Trade winds are primarily driven by convection.

Convection refers to the transfer of heat through the movement of fluid or air. In the case of trade winds, the heating of air near the Equator causes it to expand and rise. As the air rises, it creates an area of low pressure near the surface. This creates a pressure gradient, with air flowing from areas of higher pressure (subtropical high-pressure zones) to areas of lower pressure (the Equator). This movement of air in a cyclical pattern creates trade winds.

Conduction refers to the transfer of heat through direct contact between molecules or objects.
Radiation refers to the transfer of heat through electromagnetic waves.
Scattering refers to the redirection of light or other electromagnetic radiation when it interacts with particles or molecules in the atmosphere.

S12. Ans.(d)

Sol. An anemometer is specifically designed to measure the speed or velocity of wind. It consists of cups or blades that are rotated by the wind. The rotation of the cups or blades is then converted into a measurement of wind speed using mechanical or electronic sensors. Anemometers are commonly used in meteorology, weather stations, and various other applications to measure wind speed accurately.

A hygrometer is used to measure the humidity or the amount of moisture in the air.
A barometer is used to measure atmospheric pressure, which is an indicator of weather patterns.
A thermometer is used to measure temperature.

S13. Ans.(c)

Sol. A blizzard is a severe snowstorm characterized by strong winds & low temperatures.

To be a blizzard, a snowstorm must have sustained winds or frequent gusts that are greater than or equal to 56 km/h (35 mph) with blowing or drifting snow which reduces visibility to 400 meters or a quarter mile or less & must last for a prolonged period of time, typically three hours or more.

The difference between a blizzard & a snowstorm is the strength of the wind.

S14. Ans.(c)

Sol. The term “Roaring Forties” is associated with the westerly winds found in the Southern Hemisphere between approximately 40 and 50 degrees latitude. These winds are known for their strength and consistency, and they earned the name “Roaring Forties” due to the powerful gusts and rough seas encountered by sailors in this region.

Planetary winds refer to the global wind patterns that are influenced by the rotation of the Earth and other atmospheric factors. They include the trade winds, prevailing westerlies, and polar easterlies.
Trade winds are a specific wind pattern that occurs in tropical regions, blowing from east to west between approximately 30 degrees north and south of the Equator.
Polar winds generally refer to the cold and strong winds that blow near the polar regions.

S15. Ans.(c)

Sol. Trade Wind flows outward down the pressure gradient away from the subtropical high pressure.

This force causes the winds in the Northern Hemisphere to move from the east in the direction of the west below the subtropical high, & from the west in the direction of the east above the subtropical high.
As it does so, it encounters the Coriolis Effect caused by the rotation of the Earth.
The opposite is true in the Southern Hemisphere.
Above the subtropical high winds move from east to west, & below the subtropical high winds move from west to east.

S16. Ans.(a)

Sol. Land and sea breezes are local wind patterns that occur due to convection.

Convection is the transfer of heat through fluid or air movement. In the case of land and sea breezes, the differential heating of land and water surfaces leads to the formation of these wind patterns.
During the day, the land heats up faster than the water, causing the air above the land to become warmer and rise. This creates a low-pressure area over the land. Meanwhile, the water remains relatively cooler, and the air above it is relatively denser, creating a high-pressure area over the sea. As a result, the cooler air from the sea moves towards the land, creating the sea breeze.
During the night, the land cools down faster than the water, causing the air above the land to become cooler and denser. This creates a high-pressure area over the land. The water retains more heat, keeping the air above it relatively warmer and creating a low-pressure area over the sea. As a result, the cooler air from the land moves towards the sea, creating the land breeze.
Tides are the rise and fall of sea levels caused by gravitational forces between the Earth, Moon, and Sun. While tides can influence local water movements, they are not the primary cause of land and sea breezes.

S17. Ans.(c)

Sol. A tropical storm in the Chinese Sea is commonly referred to as a typhoon.

Typhoons are intense tropical cyclones that form in the western Pacific Ocean, particularly in the region known as the Northwest Pacific Basin. They are characterized by strong winds, heavy rainfall, and a well-defined circulation pattern. Typhoons are similar to hurricanes in the Atlantic and Eastern Pacific basins and cyclones in the Indian Ocean.
Tornadoes are violent and narrow rotating columns of air that are associated with severe thunderstorms. They typically occur over land and have a much smaller scale compared to typhoons.
Waves refer to the oscillation or disturbance of a medium, usually water, resulting from the transfer of energy. While typhoons can cause large waves, waves themselves are not specific to tropical storms.
Cyclones is a general term used to describe low-pressure systems characterized by rotating winds. It can refer to tropical cyclones, including typhoons, as well as other types of cyclonic weather systems.

S18. Ans.(d)

Sol. Westerlies are rather stormy & variable though the main direction remains from west to east. They are also known as “Anti-Trade Winds”, as their movement is in the opposite direction from that of the trade wind. But as their general direction is from the west, they are called the “Westerlies”.

S19. Ans.(d)

Sol. “Chinook”, originally meant a warming wind from the ocean into the interior regions of the Pacific Northwest (the Chinook people lived near the ocean, along the lower Columbia River). A strong Chinook can make snow one foot deep almost vanish in one day. The snow partly melts & partly evaporates in the dry wind. Chinook winds have been observed to raise winter temperature, often from below -20°C (-4°F) to as high as 10-20°C (50-68°F) for a few hours or days, then temperatures plummet to their base level.

S20. Ans.(c)

Sol. The term for the belt of calm or light variable winds located at approximately 30 degrees latitude in both hemispheres is Horse latitudes.

The horse latitudes are regions of high atmospheric pressure and weak winds that are typically found around 30 degrees latitude in both the Northern and Southern Hemispheres. These regions are associated with descending air from the subtropical highs and are characterized by calm or light variable winds. The name “horse latitudes” originated from the old maritime practice of sailors throwing horses overboard when they ran out of water and were stranded in this windless zone.

The polar front refers to the boundary between the polar air masses and the warmer air masses of the mid-latitudes.
The doldrums is a term used to describe the region near the Equator characterized by calm or light variable winds, thunderstorms, and generally unsettled weather.
The Roaring Forties is a term used to describe the strong westerly winds found between approximately 40 and 50 degrees latitude in the Southern Hemisphere.

S21. Ans.(c)

Sol. The Deccan trap was formed by the Cretaceous Vulcanicity.

Deccan traps are formed by vast outpourings of basic lava from many linear fissures developed in the earth’s crust. This outpouring was of quiet type and hence did not create any volcanic domes. It just spread across the surface.
This outpouring took place around 65 million years ago.
This outpouring lasted for 5 million years approx. according to the latest study.

S22. Ans.(d)

Sol. All are correct.

Peninsular Plateau is one of the oldest and the most stable landmass in India.

The elevation of the plateau is from the west to the east, which can also be seen by the pattern of the flow of rivers.
The western and northwestern part of the plateau has also the presence of black soil.

S23. Ans.(c)

Sol. The largest physiographic division of India is Peninsular Plateau.

It is bounded by the Aravallis in the North-West, the Maikal range in the North, Hazaribagh, and Rajmahal Hills in the North-East, the Western Ghats in the West, and the Eastern Ghats in the East.
The peninsular plateau was one of the parts of the Gondwana landmass, therefore it is the oldest landmass of the Indian subcontinent.

S24. Ans.(a)

Sol. Mahanadi River basin is known as Chhattisgarh Plain.

It is bounded by the Chota Nagpur Plateau to the north, the Raigarh hills to the northeast, the Raipur Upland to the southeast, the Bastar Plateau to the south, and the Maikala Range to the west.
The Mahanadi is one of the major east-flowing peninsular rivers in India, originating in the Dhamtari district of Chhattisgarh and draining into the Bay of Bengal.

S25. Ans.(c)

Sol. Eastern Ghats form the eastern boundary of the Deccan Plateau because Deccan Plateau is located between Western Ghats and Eastern Ghats.

It extends over eight Indian states and encompasses a wide range of habitats, covering significant parts of Telangana, Maharashtra, Karnataka, Andhra Pradesh, Kerala, and Tamil Nadu.

S26. Ans.(c)

Sol. Plateaus are generally rich in minerals and due to the availability of minerals, they are best for mining.

Plateaus are also suitable, for forestry but it depends on the ecology and climate of the plateau. Plateaus are at a larger height potential energy of water increases there and more electricity is generated. So, plateaus are also suitable for generating hydroelectricity.

S27. Ans.(b)

Sol. The highest peak of Peninsular India is Anai Mudi (2695 m) in Anaimalai Hills. It is situated in Kerala in the Western Ghats.

Anai Mudi is also the highest peak of Western Ghat.
Nilgiri Mountains is the highest peak of Eastern Ghat.

S28. Ans.(b)

Sol. The highest plateau region in India is the Deccan plateau.

The Deccan Plateau is one of the oldest plateaus of India.
It covers a large part of central and southern India and is characterized by its elevated terrain and volcanic rock formations.
The plateau is known for its rich biodiversity and is an important agricultural and mineral resource region in the country.

S29. Ans.(b)

Sol. Mahadeo Hills are in the west of Maikala hills, they are located to the west of Maikal Hills. The Mahadeo Hills are a range of hills in Madhya Pradesh that form the central part of the Satpura Range.

Mahadev Hills – The Mahadeo Hills are part of the Satpura Range in central India. They are primarily located in the Indian state of Madhya Pradesh. This range forms a part of the larger Deccan Plateau.

The hills are named after the deity “Mahadeo”, another name for Lord Shiva in Hindu mythology.

The Mahadeo Hills are known for their sandstone, which has been used for construction purposes.

This area is also of archaeological significance as it has numerous rock shelters and caves, with some containing prehistoric cave paintings. The most famous among these is the Bhimbetka rock shelters, a UNESCO World Heritage Site.

Maikal Hills – The Maikal Hills are a range of hills in the states of Chhattisgarh and Madhya Pradesh in India. They are part of the Satpura Range and they divide the Narmada River basin from the water basin of the Mahanadi River.

S30. Ans.(c)

Sol. Sandalwood is native to the Deccan plateau.