Top 30 Geography MCQs for TNPSC,TN TRB,TNUSRB Exams

பல்வேறு போட்டித் தேர்வுகளில் புவியியல் முக்கியப் பங்காற்றுகிறது, விண்ணப்பதாரர்களுக்கு அவர்களின் தயாரிப்பில் உதவ, நாங்கள் 30 கேள்விகளை (MCQs) தொகுத்துள்ளோம். உங்கள் புவியியல் அறிவை மேம்படுத்துவதற்கும், வரவிருக்கும் தேர்வுகளுக்கு உங்களை சிறப்பாக தயார்படுத்துவதற்கும் ஒவ்வொரு கேள்விக்கும் சரியான பதில் உள்ளது.

Top 30 Geography MCQs

Topic – Indian River System

Q1. How much water has been allowed to India for irrigation, power generation, and transport purposes from the Indus River?

(a) 10%

(b) 15%

(d) 25%

Q2. Which regional division of the Himalayas is situated between the Kali and Tista rivers?

(a) Punjab Himalaya

(b) Nepal Himalaya

(d) Kumaon Himalaya

Q3. Whose tributary is the Tawa River?

(a) Narmada

(b) Tapi

(d) Yamuna

Q4. Where is the origin of the Ganga and Brahmaputra rivers situated respectively?

(a) In Nepal and Tibet

(b) In Tibet and Sikkim

(d) Uttarakhand and Tibet

Q5. Which of the following rivers ﬂows from south to north?

(a) Godavari

(b) Cauvery

(d) Betwa

Q6. Which are the two major rivers that emerge from the Amarkantak Plateau, but they flow in different directions?

(a) Chambal and Betwa

(b) Chambal and Sone

(d) Narmada and Betwa

Q7. By what name is the combined water stream of Ganga and Brahmaputra known?

(a) Padma

(b) Jamuna

(d) Tsangpo

Q8. Which of the following rivers of peninsular India is distinct from the remaining three?

(a) Narmada

(b) Cauvery

(d) Godavari

Q9. Jog Falls is situated on which river?

(a) Sharavati

(b) Cauvery

(d) Chambal

Q10. Which of the following cities is NOT situated on the bank of river Ganga?

(a) Kanpur

(b) Patna

(d) Lucknow

Q11. A cyclone is known by different names in different parts of the world. It is called a ‘________________’ in Japan and Philippines.

(a) Hurricane

(b) Whirlpool

(d) Typhoon

Q12. In which direction do cyclones rotate in the northern hemisphere?

(a) Clockwise

(b) Counterclockwise

(d) They do not rotate in the northern hemisphere

Q13. What is the eye of a cyclone?

(a) The outermost part of the storm where wind speeds are the strongest

(b) The area of the storm with the heaviest rainfall

(d) The part of the storm closest to the coast

Q14. Which of the following regions is most prone to cyclones?

(a) Arctic Ocean

(b) Mediterranean Sea

(d) Bay of Bengal

Q15. What is the Saffir-Simpson scale used for?

(a) To measure the wind speed of a storm

(b) To measure the storm surge of a storm

(d) To predict the track of a cyclone

Q16. What is a “bomb cyclone”?

(a) A type of cyclone that forms in the Atlantic Ocean

(b) A type of cyclone that forms only over land

(d) A cyclone that has sustained winds of at least 200 mph (320 km/h)

Q17. Where was the recent Cyclone Freddy formed that crossed the Indian Ocean over a span of more than five weeks, causing severe damage and destruction in its path?

(a) North West coast of Australia

(b) Northern coast of Africa

(d) Western coast of India

Q18. Which of the following is NOT a potential impact of a cyclone?

(a) Heavy rainfall and flooding

(b) High winds and storm surge

(d) Landslides and mudslides

Q19. What is the main difference between a cyclone and an anticyclone?

(a) Cyclones are high-pressure systems, while anticyclones are low-pressure systems.

(b) Cyclones are characterized by clockwise rotation, while anticyclones rotate counterclockwise.

(c) Cyclones are associated with clear skies and calm weather, while anticyclones bring stormy weather and precipitation.

(d) Cyclones are low-pressure systems, while anticyclones are high-pressure systems.

Q20. Which force is responsible for the complex movement and trajectory of cyclones?

(a) Gravitational force

(b) Magnetic force

(d) Frictional force

Q21. The average weather pattern taken over a long time, say 25 years, is called the ________________ of the place.

(a) Ecology

(b) Environment

(d) Habitat

Q22. What is called the line that combines the places of same amount of rainfall?

(a) Isobath

(b) Isohyet

(d) Isoneph

Q23. The word monsoon refers to ___________.

(a) Blowing of wind in one direction always

(b) Blowing of wind swiftly

(d) Changing direction of winds

Q24. The weather reports are prepared by the ________________ Department of the Government.

(a) Ecological

(b) Meteorological

(d) Topological

Q25. How does La Nina affect the Pacific Ocean?

(a) Decreases salinity of ocean

(b) Cools downs the temperature of the water

(d) Increases salinity of ocean

Q26. Which of the following state receives rainfall due to western disturbances?

(a) Punjab

(b) West Bengal

(d) Gujarat

Q27. Why do the Western Ghats and Eastern Ghats both receive suﬀicient rainfall but Deccan Plateau receives scanty rainfall?

(a) It is a rain shadow area

(b) It is located parallel to the wind direction

(d) Rain bearing clouds are absent

Q28. Why does the west coast of India receive more rainfall from the southwest monsoon than the east coast?

(a) Unlike the east coast this coast is straight

(b) The Western Ghats obstruct the winds causing rainfall

(d) The Eastern Ghats extend parallel to the wind direction

Q29. The tropical region has generally a hot climate because of its location around the ___________.

(a) Poles

(b) Southern hemisphere

(d) Equator

Q30. All vital atmospheric processes leading to various climatic and weather conditions take place in the:

(a) Stratosphere

(b) Troposphere

(d) Exosphere

SOLUTIONS

S1. Ans. (c)

Sol. According to the Indus Waters treaty, India was allocated 20% of the total water carried by the Indus River system, which includes the three western rivers of the Indus, Jhelum, and Chenab. The remaining 80% of the water was allocated to Pakistan.

The Indus Waters Treaty was signed between India and Pakistan in 1960.
According to the treaty, control over the water flowing in three “eastern” rivers of India — the Beas, the Ravi, and the Sutlej was given to India, while control over the water flowing in three “western” rivers of India — the Indus, the Chenab, and the Jhelum— was given to Pakistan.

S2. Ans. (b)

Sol. Nepal Himalayas is the region that lies between the Kali and Teesta rivers, including the highest peaks in the world, such as Mount Everest, Lhotse, and Makalu.

Punjab Himalayas is the region that lies between the Indus and Sutlej rivers, including peaks like Nanga Parbat and Rakaposhi.

Kumaon Himalayas is the region that lies between the Sutlej and Kali rivers, including peaks like Nanda Devi and Kamet.
Assam Himalayas is the region that lies between the Teesta and Dihang (also called the Brahmaputra) rivers and includes peaks like Kangto, Nyegi Kangsang, and Gorichen.

S3. Ans. (a)

Sol. The Tawa River is a tributary of the Narmada River of Central India.

It rises in the Satpura Range of Betul and flowing north and west, joins the Narmada at the village of Bandra Bhan in Hoshangabad District of Madhya Pradesh.
The Narmada River originates in the Amarkantak hills in Madhya Pradesh and flows westward through the states of Madhya Pradesh, Maharashtra, and Gujarat before emptying into the Arabian Sea.

S4. Ans. (d)

Sol. The Ganga River originates in the Gangotri Glacier, which is located in the Uttarkashi district of Uttarakhand. The river flows through the northern part of India before emptying into the Bay of Bengal in the east.

The Brahmaputra River, also called Yarlung Tsangpo in the Tibetan language, originates in the Angsi Glacier, which is located in the Himalayas in Tibet. The river flows through Tibet, India, and Bangladesh before emptying into the Bay of Bengal in the east.

S5. Ans. (d)

Sol. The Betwa is a river in Northern India and a tributary of the Yamuna.

Also known as the Vetravati, the Betwa rises in the Vindhya Range just north of Hoshangabad in Madhya Pradesh and flows northeast through Madhya Pradesh and Orchha to Uttar Pradesh.
Betwa River flows from South to North.
The Godavari River flows from west to east, through the states of Maharashtra, Telangana, Andhra Pradesh, Chhattisgarh, and Odisha, before emptying into the Bay of Bengal.
The Cauvery River flows from west to east, originating in the Western Ghats of Karnataka and flowing through Tamil Nadu before emptying into the Bay of Bengal.
The Krishna River flows from west to east, originating in the Western Ghats of Maharashtra and flowing through the states of Karnataka, Telangana, and Andhra Pradesh before emptying into the Bay of Bengal.

S6.Ans.(c)

Sol. Narmada and Sone are the two major rivers that emerge from the Amarkantak Plateau, but they flow in different directions.

The Amarkantak Plateau is located in the Maikal Hills in central India and is the source of several major rivers.
The Narmada River originates from the Amarkantak Plateau and flows westward through the states of Madhya Pradesh, Maharashtra, and Gujarat before emptying into the Arabian Sea.
The Sone River also originates from the Amarkantak Plateau and flows eastward through the states of Madhya Pradesh, Bihar, and Jharkhand before joining the Ganga River.
The Chambal River originates in the Mhow region near Indore in Madhya Pradesh and flows in a northeasterly direction through Madhya Pradesh, Rajasthan, and Uttar Pradesh before joining the Yamuna River in Uttar Pradesh.
The Betwa River originates near Hoshangabad in Madhya Pradesh and flows in a northeasterly direction through Madhya Pradesh and Uttar Pradesh before joining the Yamuna River in Uttar Pradesh.

S7. Ans.(c)

Sol. The combined water stream of Ganga and Brahmaputra is known as Meghna.

After flowing into Bangladesh, the Ganga, Brahmaputra (also known as Jamuna), and other rivers join to form the Meghna River near Bhairab Bazar.
The Meghna River then flows through the delta region of Bangladesh and ultimately empties into the Bay of Bengal.

S8. Ans.(a)

Sol. The Narmada River of peninsular India is distinct from the remaining three.

The Narmada River is one of the few rivers in India that flows in a westward direction and empties into the Arabian Sea. It originates in the Amarkantak hills in Madhya Pradesh and flows through the states of Madhya Pradesh, Maharashtra, and Gujarat.
The Narmada River is also known for the Marble Rocks, a famous gorge on the river near Jabalpur in Madhya Pradesh.
The Cauvery River, Krishna River, and Godavari River all flow in an eastward direction and empty into the Bay of Bengal.

S9. Ans.(a)

Sol. Jog Falls is created by the Sharavathi River dropping 253 m (830 ft), making it the second-highest plunge waterfall in India after the Nohkalikai Falls with a drop of 335 m (1100 ft) in Meghalaya.

Located on the Sharavati River in the Sagara taluk of Karnataka’s Shivamogga district.
The Sharavati River is a river flowing through the Western Ghats range in Karnataka. The river originates in the Ambutirtha hills near Nonabur in Shimoga district and flows in a westward direction before emptying into the Arabian Sea at Honnavar in Uttara Kannada district.

S10. Ans.(d)

Sol. Lucknow is situated on the northwestern shore of the Gomti River.

The Gomti River is a tributary of the river Ganga and flows through the city of Lucknow before emptying into the Ganga near Saidpur in the state of Uttar Pradesh.
Kanpur, Patna, and Varanasi are all situated on the bank of the river Ganga in northern India.

S11. Ans.(d)

Sol. It is called a Typhoon in Japan and the Philippines.

Area	Cyclone Names
Atlantic Ocean	Hurricanes and Tropical Storms
Eastern Asia and Western North Pacific Ocean	Typhoons
Northwestern Pacific Ocean, specifically in the regions surrounding Japan and the Philippines	Typhoons
Indian Ocean	Cyclones
Australia and the South Pacific Ocean	Willy Willy

S12. Ans.(b)

Sol. In the Northern Hemisphere, Cyclone rotates in the anti or counter clockwise direction.

The Coriolis Effect causes the flow of air to deflect to the right of its path of motion. This causes the air to spiral counterclockwise around a low-pressure center, which is the defining characteristic of a cyclone.
The rotation of a cyclone is also influenced by its latitude. The closer a cyclone is to the equator, the weaker its rotation will be due to the weaker Coriolis Effect. As a result, tropical cyclones near the equator may not rotate or may rotate very weakly.
As a cyclone moves further away from the equator towards the mid-latitudes, the Coriolis Effect becomes stronger, resulting in a more pronounced counterclockwise rotation.
It’s important to note that in the Southern Hemisphere, the direction of cyclonic rotation is reversed due to the opposite direction of the Coriolis Effect.

S13. Ans.(c)

Sol. The eye of the cyclone is the center of the storm where conditions are calm and winds are light.

The eye is a distinct feature of a mature cyclone and is surrounded by a circular wall of clouds known as the eyewall.
The eyewall is where the strongest winds and heaviest rainfall occur in a cyclone.
However, within the eye itself, winds are light and skies are relatively clear.
The size of the eye can vary greatly from storm to storm, with some eyes being only a few kilometers wide, while others can be over 50 kilometers in diameter.

S14. Ans.(d)

Sol. The region that is most prone to cyclones is the Bay of Bengal.

The warm waters of the Bay of Bengal provide favorable conditions for cyclone formation, and the close proximity of land masses can exacerbate the impact of cyclones on coastal communities.
Cyclones in the Bay of Bengal typically form between April and December, with the peak cyclone season occurring from September to November.

S15. Ans.(c)

Sol. The Saffir-Simpson scale is used to classify the intensity of a cyclone.

The Saffir-Simpson Hurricane Wind Scale is a system used by the United States National Hurricane Center to categorize hurricanes based on their sustained wind speeds.

The scale also takes into account potential damage to homes, buildings, and infrastructure, as well as potential storm surge and flooding.
While the wind speed of a storm is an important factor in determining its overall intensity, other factors such as storm surge, rainfall, and flooding can also be significant contributors to the damage and destruction caused by a cyclone.

S16. Ans.(c)

Sol. A “bomb cyclone” is a cyclone that undergoes rapid intensification and drops in pressure by at least 24 millibars within 24 hours.

The term “bomb cyclone” is a popularized term that refers to a type of cyclone that undergoes a process known as “bombogenesis.”
This occurs when a cyclone’s central pressure drops rapidly, resulting in strong winds and heavy precipitation.
They are most commonly associated with the North Atlantic and can occur during the winter months when temperature gradients are strongest.

S17. Ans.(a)

Sol. Cyclone Freddy was formed around the northwest coast of Australia on February 6, 2023. It then traveled over 9,600 km, making landfall in Madagascar and Mozambique and causing significant damage and displacement of people.

It was the fourth named storm of the 2022-23 Australian region cyclone season and the second very intense tropical cyclone of the 2022-23 South-West Indian Ocean cyclone season, crossed the Indian Ocean over a period of more than five weeks, causing extensive damage and destruction in its path.

S18. Ans.(c)

Sol. Drought conditions, on the other hand, are not typically associated with cyclones.

Cyclones are intense low-pressure weather systems that can cause a wide range of impacts, particularly when they make landfall.
Heavy rainfall and flooding are common impacts of cyclones, as the storms can dump large amounts of rain in a short period of time. High winds and storm surges can also be dangerous, as they can cause extensive damage to buildings and infrastructure and lead to coastal flooding.

S19. Ans.(d)

Sol. Cyclones are low-pressure systems, while anticyclones are high-pressure systems.

Cyclone	Anticyclone
Low-pressure system	High-pressure system
Characterized by counterclockwise rotation in the northern hemisphere and clockwise rotation in the southern hemisphere	Characterized by clockwise rotation in the northern hemisphere and counterclockwise rotation in the southern hemisphere
Associated with stormy weather, high winds, and heavy rainfall	Associated with clear skies, calm weather, and little precipitation
Air rises and converges, causing atmospheric instability	Air sinks and diverges, causing atmospheric stability
Typically form in tropical and subtropical regions	Typically form in higher latitudes
Example: Hurricane	Example: High pressure ridge

S20. Ans.(c)

Sol. The force responsible for the complex movement and trajectory of cyclones is the Coriolis force.

The Coriolis force is caused by the rotation of the Earth and results in the deflection of air and water currents to the right in the Northern Hemisphere and to the left in the Southern Hemisphere.
This deflection causes cyclones to spin counterclockwise in the Northern Hemisphere and clockwise in the Southern Hemisphere.

S21. Ans. (c)

Sol. Climate refers to the long-term patterns of temperature, humidity, precipitation, and other atmospheric conditions in a particular region. It is the long-term summation of the atmospheric elements that, over short time periods, constitute weather.

Ecology refers to the study of the relationships between living organisms and their environment, including other organisms, physical and chemical factors, and the larger ecosystem.
Environment refers to the physical, chemical, and biological surroundings in which an organism or a group of organisms live. This includes both living (biotic) and nonliving (abiotic) components of the environment.
Habitat refers to the specific environment in which an organism lives, including the physical and biological factors that influence its survival and reproduction.

S22. Ans.(b)

Sol. The line on a map or chart that connects places with equal rainfall is called an Isohyet.

Isobath is the line that connects points of equal depth below the surface of a body of water.
Isoryme is a term used in oceanography to describe a line of constant salinity in a body of water.

S23.Ans.(d)

Sol. A monsoon is a seasonal shift in the prevailing wind direction, that usually brings with it a different kind of weather.

It is a seasonal reversal of wind direction that occurs in certain regions of the world, most notably in South and Southeast Asia.
During the summer months, warm, moist air over the ocean is drawn towards the land, causing heavy rainfall and often flooding.
In the winter, the wind direction reverses, with cool, dry air flowing from the land back towards the ocean.

S24.Ans.(b)

Sol. The weather reports are prepared by the India Meteorological Department (IMD) of the Government.

It is responsible for collecting and analyzing weather data, issuing weather forecasts and warnings, and providing other weather-related services to the public.

S25. Ans(b)

Sol. During a period of La Nina, the sea surface temperature across the equatorial Eastern Central Pacific Ocean will be lower than normal by 3 to 5 °C. Thus, it cools downs the temperature of the water.

This can have significant impacts on weather patterns around the world, including increased rainfall in some areas and drought in others.
It can affect ocean currents, marine ecosystems, and fisheries.
This cooling of the ocean can also lead to an increase in the upwelling of nutrient-rich waters from deeper in the ocean, which can have both positive and negative effects on marine life.

S26. Ans.(a)

Sol. Punjab receives rainfall due to Western disturbances.

Western disturbances are extratropical storms that originate in the Mediterranean region and move across the Middle East, Central Asia, and South Asia.
These disturbances bring rain and snow to the northern and northwestern parts of India, including Punjab, Haryana, and parts of Rajasthan and Uttar Pradesh.
It usually brings rain during the winter but also during the pre-monsoon period.

S27. Ans.(a)

Sol. Deccan Plateau falls in a rain shadow area thus it receives scanty rainfall.

A rain shadow is a dry area on the leeward side of a mountainous area (away from the wind).
The plateau is also located far away from the coast, which further reduces the amount of moisture it receives.

S28. Ans.(b)

Sol. The west coast of India receives more rainfall from the southwest monsoon than the east coast because the Western Ghats obstruct the winds.

Western Ghats act as a barrier and cause orographic lifting of the moisture-laden winds.
Additionally, the Bay of Bengal, which is located to the east of the East Coast, has cooler water temperatures and lower evaporation rates than the Arabian Sea, which is located to the west of the West Coast. This means that the moisture content of the monsoon winds is lower when they reach the East Coast, resulting in less rainfall.

S29.Ans.(d)

Sol. The tropical region has generally a hot climate because of its location around the Equator.

The equator is an imaginary line that circles the Earth at 0° latitude.
The region around the equator is known as the tropics and experiences a hot and humid climate due to the direct and constant overhead sun, which results in higher temperatures.

S30. Ans.(b)

Sol. The troposphere is the lowest portion of Earth’s atmosphere and is also where nearly all-weather proceeds take place.

Layer	Altitude Range	Key Characteristics
Stratosphere	10-50 km	Contains the ozone layer, absorbs harmful UV radiation
Troposphere	0-7/20 km	All weather occurs and contains most atmospheric gases
Ionosphere	60 km – 1000 km	Interacts with the magnetic field, ionizes atmospheric gases
Exosphere	500 km – 10,000 km	Gradual fade into space, very thin air, gases escape into space