TNPSC Free Notes History – Sites of Indus valley Civilization

இந்தக் கட்டுரையில், TNPSC குரூப் 1, குரூப் 2, குரூப் 2A, குரூப் 4 மாநிலப் போட்டித் தேர்வுகளான TNUSRB, TRB, TET, TNEB போன்றவற்றுக்கான  முறைகள் இலவசக் குறிப்புகளைப் பெறுவீர்கள்.தேர்வுக்கு தயாராவோர் இங்குள்ள பாடக்குறிப்புகளை படித்து பயன்பெற வாழ்த்துகிறோம்.

Sites of Indus valley Civilization 

The most important Sites were

• Harappa (Punjab, Pakistan)
• Mohenjo-Daro (Sindh, Pakistan)
• Dholavira (Gujarat, India)
• Lothal (Gujarat, India)
• Surkotada (Gujarat, India)
• Kalibangan (Rajasthan, India)
• Banawali (Rajasthan, India)
• Rakhigarhi (Haryana, India)

Unique Features of Harappan Civilisation

Town planning is a unique feature of the Indus Civilisation. The Harappan city had two planned areas.

Streets and Houses

• The streets are observed to have a grid pattern. They were straight running from north to south and east to west and intersected each other at right angles. 

• The roads were wide with rounded corners. 

• Houses were built on both sides of the street. The houses were either one or two storeys.
• Most of the houses had many rooms, a courtyard and a well. Each house had toilets and bathrooms. 
• The houses were built using baked bricks and mortar. Sun-dried bricks were also used. Most of the bricks were of uniform size. 
• Roofs were flat. 
• There is no conclusive evidence of the presence of palaces or places of worship. 
• Burnt Bricks are strong, hard, durable, resistant to fire and will not dissolve in water or rain.

The Great Bath 

• The great bath was a large, rectangular tank in a courtyard. It may be the earliest example of a water-proof structure. 

• The bath was lined with bricks, coated with plaster and made water-tight using layers of natural bitumen. 
• There were steps on the north and south leading into the tank. There were rooms on three sides. 
• Water was drawn from the well located in the courtyard and drained out after use.

Drainage System

• Many of these cities had covered drains. The drains were covered with slabs or bricks. 
• Each drain had a gentle slope so that water could flow. 
• Holes were provided at regular intervals to clear the drains.

The Great Granary

• The granary was a massive building with a solid brick foundation.

• Granaries were used to store food grain. 
• The remains of wheat, barley, millets, sesame and pulses have been found there.
• A granary with walls made of mud bricks, which are still in a good condition, has been discovered in Rakhigarhi, a village in Haryana, belonging to Mature Harappan Phase.

Discovered Sites 

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