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What are the 11 Fundamental Duties of Indian Constitution?

Fundamental Duties

The 11 Fundamental Duties of Indian Citizens are discussed here. Fundamental Rights, Directive Principles of State Policy, and Fundamental Duties’ are parts of the Indian Constitution that spell out the states’ fundamental obligations to its inhabitants, as well as the citizens’ duties and rights to the state. These parts are regarded as essential to the constitution, which was drafted by the Constituent Assembly of India between 1947 and 1949.

What are the 11 fundamental duties?

The Fundamental Duties are described as all citizens’ moral duties to contribute to the promotion of patriotism and the preservation of India’s unity. fundamental duties of Individuals and the nation are both affected by the obligations outlined in Part IV–A of the Constitution. They, like the Directive Principles, are not enforceable by courts until legislative law makes them so.
Read About: Fundamental Rights

List of Particulars Fundamental Duties of Indian Citizens
Fundamental duties Covered In Part IV A, Article 51 –A
Fundamental duties Borrowed from Country USSR (Russia)
Fundamental duties Amendment in Constitution 42nd Amendment 1976, introduced Article 51 A in the constitution
Dundamental duties Recommended by Mr.Swaran Singh Committee.
Fundamental duties Numbers Originally -10 duties Now -11 duties (added by 86th Amendment ACT, 2002)
List of Fundamental Duties
  1. Abide by the Constitution and respect the national flag & National Anthem
  2. Follow the ideals of the freedom struggle
  3. Protect the sovereignty & integrity of India
  4. Defend the country and render national services when called upon
  5. Spirit of common brotherhood
  6. Preserve composite culture
  7. Preserve natural environment
  8. Develop scientific temper
  9. Safeguard public property
  10. Strive for excellence
  11. Duty fo all parents/guardians to send their children in the age group of 6-14 years to school.

what are the 11 fundamental duties of Indian Constitution List

All 11 fundamental duties are listed below:

  1. Abide by the Constitution and respect the national flag & National Anthem
  2. Follow the ideals of the freedom struggle
  3. Protect the sovereignty & integrity of India
  4. Defend the country and render national services when called upon
  5. Spirit of common brotherhood
  6. Preserve composite culture
  7. Preserve natural environment
  8. Develop scientific temper
  9. Safeguard public property
  10. Strive for excellence
  11. Duty fo all parents/guardians to send their children in the age group of 6-14 years to school.

Fundamental Duties in Indian Constitution

The Indian independence movement aimed to attain the principles of liberty and social welfare as the aims of an independent Indian state, which gave birth to the Fundamental Rights and Directive Principles. Civil rights were an essential component of the Indian independence struggle, with one of the INC’s goals being to eliminate discrimination between British rulers and their Indian people. Between 1917 and 1919, the INC adopted resolutions that expressly stated this desire. Indians’ rights to equality before the law, free expression, and jury trials were among the claims made in these resolutions.

The 1946 Cabinet Mission to India suggested a Constituent Assembly that would create a Constitution for India as part of the power transition process during the last phases of the British Raj. According to the Cabinet Mission’s concept, the Assembly would have an Advisory Committee that would counsel it on the nature and scope of basic rights, minorities’ protection, and tribal governance. As a result, the Advisory Committee was established. In February 1947, a twelve-member subcommittee on Fundamental Rights was established under the chairmanship of J. B. Kripalani. By April 1947, the subcommittee had finished drafting the Fundamental Rights and had presented its report to the Committee. Later that month, the Committee presented it to the Assembly, which debated and reviewed the rights over the next year, eventually adopting most of the versions by December 1948. The Directive Ideas, which were also prepared by the subcommittee on Fundamental Rights, espoused the socialist concepts of the Indian independence struggle and were influenced by comparable principles in the Irish Constitution. The 42nd Amendment, which was ratified in 1976, adds the Fundamental Duties to the Constitution.

11 Fundamental Duties Taken from Which Country

fundamental duties taken from the constitution of USSR (Russia).

Fundamental Duties Amendments

Following the recommendations of the Swaran Singh Committee, which had been established by the government earlier that year, the 42nd Amendment to the constitution was passed in 1976, adding the fundamental obligations of citizens. The 86th Amendment, passed in 2002, imposed a duty on every parent or guardian to make sure that their child or ward has access to educational opportunities between the ages of six and fourteen, bringing the total number of fundamental obligations from 10 to eleven. All people are required under the other essential obligations to respect India’s national symbols, including the constitution, to value its history, protect its multifaceted culture, and to contribute to its defence.
Additionally, they need all Indians to uphold the values of public property, common brotherhood, and scientific temper, abstain from violence, and pursue excellence in all aspects of life. When a citizen—including the president, vice president, speaker of the house, members of congress, state legislators, etc.—violates fundamental rights enshrined in the constitution, it amounts to contempt of the constitution, which is punishable under the 1971 Prevention of Insults to National Honour Act. The Supreme Court has concluded that these fundamental obligations can also aid the court in determining whether a statute passed by the legislature is constitutional. These obligations are mentioned in international treaties like the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights and the Universal Declaration of Human Rights, as well as Article 51A.

11 Fundamental Duties Articles

The concept of Fundamental Duties is enshrined in the Constitution of India. These duties were added to the Constitution by the 42nd Amendment in 1976, and they are listed under Article 51A. The idea was inspired by the Constitution of the Soviet Union and aims to serve as a reminder to citizens that while they enjoy certain rights, they also have specific responsibilities towards their country.

The Fundamental Duties include, among other things:

  • Respecting the national flag and national anthem
  • Upholding and protecting the sovereignty, unity, and integrity of India
  • Cherishing the noble ideals that inspired the national struggle for freedom
  • Promoting harmony and the spirit of common brotherhood
  • Preserving the rich heritage of the nation’s composite culture
  • Protecting natural resources
  • Developing scientific temper and spirit of inquiry
  • Safeguarding public property
  • Striving towards excellence in all spheres for individual and collective growth

While Fundamental Duties are not legally enforceable, they serve as a guide to responsible citizenship.

Fundamental Duties of Indian Citizens

The Fundamental Duties of Indian citizens were added to the Constitution of India by the 42nd Amendment in 1976. They are outlined in Part IVA, specifically in Article 51A. While these duties are not legally enforceable, they are considered important obligations that every citizen should fulfill to promote a spirit of patriotism and to uphold the unity of the country.

Here are some of the Fundamental Duties of Indian citizens:

  1. To abide by the Constitution and respect its ideals, the National Flag, and the National Anthem.
  2. To cherish and follow the noble ideals that inspired the national struggle for freedom.
  3. To uphold and protect the sovereignty, unity, and integrity of India.
  4. To defend the country and render national service when called upon to do so.
  5. To promote harmony and the spirit of common brotherhood amongst all the people of India, transcending religious, linguistic, and regional or sectional diversities.
  6. To value and preserve the rich heritage of our composite culture.
  7. To protect and improve the natural environment.
  8. To develop scientific temper, humanism, and the spirit of inquiry and reform.
  9. To safeguard public property and to abjure violence.
  10. To strive towards excellence in all spheres of individual and collective activity.
  11. To provide opportunities for education to his child or ward between the age of 6-14 years.

How many fundamental duties are there in Indian constitution?

There are 11 Fundamental Duties listed in the Indian Constitution. These were originally introduced by the 42nd Amendment in 1976, at which time there were 10 duties. An 11th duty was added by the 86th Amendment in 2002, which pertains to education.

What are the 11 Fundamental Duties of indian constitution in Hindi

भारत के 11 मौलिक कर्तव्य सूची
संविधान का पालन करें और राष्ट्रीय ध्वज और राष्ट्रगान का सम्मान करें
स्वतंत्रता संग्राम के आदर्शों का पालन करें
भारत की संप्रभुता और अखंडता की रक्षा करें
देश की रक्षा करें और बुलाए जाने पर राष्ट्रीय सेवाएं प्रदान करें
आम भाईचारे की भावना
मिश्रित संस्कृति का संरक्षण करें
प्राकृतिक पर्यावरण का संरक्षण करें
वैज्ञानिक सोच विकसित करें
सार्वजनिक संपत्ति की रक्षा करें
उत्कृष्टता के लिए प्रयास
सभी माता-पिता/अभिभावकों का कर्तव्य है कि वे 6-14 वर्ष की आयु के अपने बच्चों को स्कूल भेजें।

भारतीय संविधान के मौलिक कर्तव्य

भारतीय स्वतंत्रता आंदोलन का उद्देश्य एक स्वतंत्र भारतीय राज्य के उद्देश्य के रूप में स्वतंत्रता और सामाजिक कल्याण के सिद्धांतों को प्राप्त करना था, जिसने मौलिक अधिकारों और निर्देशक सिद्धांतों को जन्म दिया। नागरिक अधिकार भारतीय स्वतंत्रता संग्राम का एक अनिवार्य घटक थे, जिसमें कांग्रेस का एक लक्ष्य ब्रिटिश शासकों और उनके भारतीय लोगों के बीच भेदभाव को समाप्त करना था। 1917 और 1919 के बीच, कांग्रेस ने संकल्पों को अपनाया जो स्पष्ट रूप से इस इच्छा को व्यक्त करते थे। इन प्रस्तावों में किए गए दावों में कानून के समक्ष भारतीयों के समानता के अधिकार, स्वतंत्र अभिव्यक्ति और जूरी परीक्षण शामिल थे।

1946 में भारत में कैबिनेट मिशन ने एक संविधान सभा का सुझाव दिया जो ब्रिटिश राज के अंतिम चरणों के दौरान सत्ता परिवर्तन प्रक्रिया के हिस्से के रूप में भारत के लिए एक संविधान बनाएगी। कैबिनेट मिशन की अवधारणा के अनुसार, विधानसभा में एक सलाहकार समिति होगी जो इसे मूल अधिकारों, अल्पसंख्यकों की सुरक्षा और आदिवासी शासन की प्रकृति और दायरे पर सलाह देगी। नतीजतन, सलाहकार समिति का गठन किया गया था। फरवरी 1947 में जे.बी. कृपलानी की अध्यक्षता में मौलिक अधिकारों पर एक बारह सदस्यीय उपसमिति की स्थापना की गई। अप्रैल 1947 तक, उपसमिति ने मौलिक अधिकारों का मसौदा तैयार कर लिया था और समिति को अपनी रिपोर्ट प्रस्तुत कर दी थी। उस महीने बाद में, समिति ने इसे विधानसभा में प्रस्तुत किया, जिसने अगले वर्ष के अधिकारों पर बहस और समीक्षा की, अंततः दिसंबर 1948 तक अधिकांश संस्करणों को अपनाया। निर्देशक विचार, जो मौलिक अधिकारों पर उपसमिति द्वारा भी तैयार किए गए थे, ने समर्थन किया भारतीय स्वतंत्रता संग्राम की समाजवादी अवधारणाएँ और आयरिश संविधान में तुलनीय सिद्धांतों से प्रभावित थीं। 42वां संशोधन, जिसे 1976 में अनुमोदित किया गया था, संविधान में मौलिक कर्तव्यों को जोड़ता है।

किस देश से लिए गए मौलिक कर्तव्य

यूएसएसआर (रूस) के संविधान से लिए गए मौलिक कर्तव्य।

भारतीय संविधान संशोधन में मौलिक कर्तव्य

स्वर्ण सिंह समिति की सिफारिशों के बाद, जिसे उस वर्ष की शुरुआत में सरकार द्वारा स्थापित किया गया था, संविधान में 42 वां संशोधन 1976 में पारित किया गया था, जिसमें नागरिकों के मौलिक दायित्वों को जोड़ा गया था। 2002 में पारित 86वें संशोधन ने प्रत्येक माता-पिता या अभिभावक पर यह सुनिश्चित करने के लिए एक कर्तव्य लगाया कि उनके बच्चे या वार्ड के पास छह और चौदह वर्ष की आयु के बीच शैक्षिक अवसरों तक पहुंच है, जिससे कुल मौलिक दायित्वों की संख्या 10 से ग्यारह हो गई है। संविधान सहित भारत के राष्ट्रीय प्रतीकों का सम्मान करने, इसके इतिहास को महत्व देने, इसकी बहुमुखी संस्कृति की रक्षा करने और इसकी रक्षा में योगदान करने के लिए अन्य आवश्यक दायित्वों के तहत सभी लोगों की आवश्यकता है।
इसके अतिरिक्त, उन्हें सभी भारतीयों को सार्वजनिक संपत्ति, समान भाईचारे और वैज्ञानिक स्वभाव के मूल्यों को बनाए रखने, हिंसा से दूर रहने और जीवन के सभी पहलुओं में उत्कृष्टता का पीछा करने की आवश्यकता है। जब कोई नागरिक – जिसमें राष्ट्रपति, उपाध्यक्ष, सदन के अध्यक्ष, कांग्रेस के सदस्य, राज्य के विधायक आदि शामिल हैं – संविधान में निहित मौलिक अधिकारों का उल्लंघन करते हैं, तो यह संविधान की अवमानना ​​है, जो 1971 की रोकथाम के तहत दंडनीय है। राष्ट्रीय सम्मान अधिनियम का अपमान। सुप्रीम कोर्ट ने निष्कर्ष निकाला है कि ये मौलिक दायित्व अदालत को यह निर्धारित करने में भी सहायता कर सकते हैं कि विधायिका द्वारा पारित एक क़ानून संवैधानिक है या नहीं। इन दायित्वों का उल्लेख अंतर्राष्ट्रीय संधियों में किया गया है जैसे नागरिक और राजनीतिक अधिकारों पर अंतर्राष्ट्रीय वाचा और मानवाधिकारों की सार्वभौमिक घोषणा, साथ ही साथ अनुच्छेद 51A।

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FAQs

How many fundamental duties are there?

The Indian constitution lists 11 fundamental duties.

What are Indian citizen’s fundamental duties?

Some of the moral obligations and duties listed in the constitution are basic duties as an Indian citizen.

What are the most important fundamental rights?

Right to equality, right to freedom, right against exploitation, right to freedom of religion, cultural and educational rights, and right to constitutional remedies are the core fundamental rights.

What is the Constitution's Article 21?

'Protection of Life and Personal Liberty' is stated in Article 21 of the Indian Constitution.

What is the purpose of Fundamental Rights?

Fundamental Rights safeguard liberties and freedoms from governmental intrusion, preventing the formation of authoritarian and dictatorial control in the country. They are critical for the overall development of people as well as the country.

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